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Jan 1, 1562
Religious Civil War in France
wars in 1589. Henry IV put an end to the wars with the Edicts of Nantes, which wgave limited relilgious freedom to the Protestants. (Atchley). This event is significant because it shows the religious battles that took place in France at the time. -
Jan 1, 1562
Religious Civil War In France
During the year of 1562, a religious civil war borke out in France. There were three French kings who were dominated by their mother, Catherine de Médicis. She fought to keep the Christian faith in control. Between foutry and fifty percent of nobles became Calvanists, which led to the resurance of a feudal disorder in France. In 1562, the fighting began between the Catholics and the Calvanists. (War). Later, Henry IV converted to Catholicism in 1593, but he also put an end to religious -
Feb 15, 1564
Birth Date
Galileo Galilei was born in Pisa, Italy on February 15, 1564. (Swisher 228). His parents were Vincenzo Galilei and Guilia Ammannati. Galileo's father, Vincenzo, was a music teacher, and was a fine flute player. (O'Connor). Galileo was the oldest child of seven. At the age of ten, he went to the Monastery at Santa Maria Vallombrosa. He studied Latin, Greek, logic and religion. (Hightower 8-17). This event is significant because Galileo, will become one of the world's greatest Astronomers. -
Sep 1, 1581
University Of Pisa
In 1581, Galileo was sent to enroll at The University of Pisa to study medicine. (Hightower 117-118). At this time, Galileo was a 17 year old student who discovered the law of the pendulum. (Beck 546-549). He found that the weight of the pendulum did not change the time of the swing. (Hightower 117-118). He discovered that a falling object accelerates at a fixed and predictable rate. (Roger B. Beck 546-549). -
Sep 1, 1581
University of Pisa
Later, in 1585, Galielo was kicked out of the University of Pisa. (Hightower 117-118). This event is significant because this is where Galileo discovered the law of the pendulum, which allowed clockmakers to build accurate clocks. (Hightower 8-17). -
The Defeat of the Spanish Armada
In 1588 (Heilman 232), on July 29th, the Spanish Armada had been defeated during a sea battle, off the coast of Graveline's, France. The so called "Invincible Armada" was defeated by an English naval force. The English naval force was under the command of Lord Charles Howard and Sir Francis Drake. After eight hours of battle, a change in the winds caused the Spanish to retreat towards the North Sea. (Spanish). This event is significant because it showed that the "Invincible Armada" in fact, -
The Defeat of the Spanish Armada
were not invincible afterall. -
Galileo invents the thermometer
During the year of 1603, Galileo Galilei invented the thermometer. It is said that he took a small glass flask, put water inside and warmed it up. When he took away the heat of his hands from the flask, the water level began to rise. This event is significant because Galileo then made use of this new tool for examining the degree of hot and cold. (Van Helden: Thermometer). -
Settlement at Jamestown
Jamestown. (A History). Later, the colony of Jamestown was struck by diseases, starvation, and Native American attacks. The London Company kept continuously sending out more supplies and people to try and keep the colony of Jamestown alive. (Jamestown). -
Settlement at Jamestown
In the year 1607, America's first perminent English colony was esablished in Virginia. This event took place thirteen years before the Pilgrims landed at Plymouth in Massachusetts. The settlement of Jamestown was a very important event, because it was the start of America and it helped shape the nation and the world. This even also takes part in the heritage of the United States today, including the government, language, customs, beliefes, and many otheers were influenced by the colony of -
Galileo Bulids His FIrst Telescope
In 1609, Galileo builds his first telescope, based on the one he saw beforehand. He uses this telescope to observe the night sky for the first time. This event leads to many other discoveries of the skies and scientific researches. (Hightower 96-97). Galileo's findings frightened many people, including the Catholic's and the Protestants. (Beck 546-549) -
The Twelve Year's Truce
In the year of 1609, there was a rivalry between Spain and the Netherlands becuse of: political issues, jealousy among lesser provinces that were wealthy and strong, misunderstandings between landward provices, annoyance of landed nobles that they were dependant upon, and resentment of the popular classes. So during the year of 1609, they formed a truce called the Twelve Year's Truce. (Wintle). This event is significant because the rivalry between Spain and the Netherlands was resovled and -
The Twelve Year's Truce
they became allies once again. -
The Starry Messenger
During the month of May 12, 1610 (Galileo), Galileo publishes a series of new letters called the Starry Messenger. These news letters discribed Galileo's observations. In the news letters, he explains that the sun has dark spots. (Beck 546-549). He discovered the sun spots along with Thomas Harriet, Father Scheiner, and Johannes Fabricius. (Bruce 337). Galileo also discovered that Jupiter infact has four moons. Galileo also noted that the moon was rough and had an uneven surface. -
The Starry Messenger
His discriptions of the moon shattered Aristotle's theory. (Beck 546-549). The four moons of Jupiter were called sattilites. (Hightower 107). He discovered the four largest moons of Jupiter and realized that Earth is not the only boby around that celestial objects revolve around. (Nardo 98-99). The publishing of the Starry Messenger is significant because he descridbed, for the first time, what his observations of the night sky were. (Beck 546-549) -
The Scientific Method (no exact date)
The Scientific Method is a logical procedure for gathering and testing ideas. Galileo and a two other scientists, Copernicus and Kepier, invented this method. (Beck 546-549). The scientific method has helped in many ways toward the scientific world, making it possible to solve scientific questions in a rational way. (Galileo: Scientific Method). -
The Theory of Tides
During the month of January in 1616, Galileo Galilei writes his theories about the tides. Galileo ends up proving that the Earth moves. (Van Helden: Timeline). Galileo was able to show that the tides were produced completely by Earth's motion. He also was able to demonstrate the physical truth behinde Copernicus' theory. (Naylor). This event is significant because Galileo was able to prove that the tides were created becuase of Earth's movement and that Copernicus was right. (Van Helden). -
Catholic Church Warns Galileo
On February 25, 1616 the Catholic Church warns Galileo. (Linder). The Catholics and the Protestants warned him not to defend Copernicus' theory, because they were frightened by it. (Beck 546-549). Galileo then writes a book called the Theory of Tides. (Van Helden: Timeline). This important event is significant because it effects Galileo's future. -
Thirty Years War
In the year if 1618, a series of wars took place. These wars were know as the Thirty Years War. The war had benn primarily by the the Germanic states, with the help of a couple foreign states, such as Sweden, France, Spain, and Austira. All of the states fought on German soil. By the end of the war in 1648, nearly half, or 50%, of Germany's population was lost. (Thirty). The significance of this event is that it was a very important war in history, since it was one of the longest wars. -
The Mayflower
On November 9th, 1620, the ship "The Mayflower" lands on Cape Cod in Massachsetts. The ship carried about 100 colonists over seas from England. By November 11th, 1620, the Mayflower Comapct had been signed by 41 men. The Mayflower Compact established a form of government and they used the majority rules system of voting. All of the colonists agreed to cooperate for the better of the colony. This event is significant because the Mayflower Compact set as a precedent for future colonies as -
The Mayflower
they set up their governments. This event is also significant because it was a way for America to expand itself and become an occupied land. (Taylor). -
The Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems is published
During the year of 1632, Galileo publishes The Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems. The Dialogue contained the ideas of Ptolemy and Copernicus. Galileo showed his support for Copernicus' ideas and thoeries. He was then sent into trial because he was warned not to support Copernicus' ideas. Galileo was never a free man again because he was put under house arrest. (Beck 546-549) -
Galieo's Trial
During the month of April in 1633, Galileo is formally interogated for supporting Copernicus' theories. Galileo is later put on house arrest, but in a comfortable appartment. Later, on April 30th 1633, Galileo confesses that he may have made the Copernican theory in his Dialogue to strong. Galileo then offers to refute the theory in his next book. (Van Helden: Timeline). This event is significant because Galileo would never be a free man again, he would be uder house arrest for the -
Galileo's Trial
remainder of his life. (Nardo 98-99) -
Galileo loses his eyesight
During the year of July 1637, Galileo writes to Elia Diodati that all his vision in his right eye had been lost. Even though his eyesight in his right eye had been lost, Galileo kept observing the heavens. Eventually, in November of 1637, Galileo announces that he hs discovered a new libration of the moon. After many years of looking through the telescope, Galileo lost all vision in his left eye January of 1638. (Van Helden: Timeline). This event is significant because even though Galileo -
Galileo loses his eyesight
was going blind, he still kept observing the skies and help contribute towards future scientific researches. -
Galileo Galilei dies
On January 8th 1642, Galileo dies at the age of 78. (Hightower 117-118). He died in his villa in Florence, Italy. (Beck 546-549). Galileo was buried in his own church cemetery of Santa Croce. (Hightower 8-17). When Galileo died, his ideas were, and still are, spread all over Europe and the rest of the world. (Beck 546-549)
