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Feb 19, 1437
Nicolaus Copernicus
- Was a father of the Scientific Revolution. -He was the first astronomer to formulate a scientifically based heliocentric cosmology that displaced the Earth from the center of the universe. -One of the first to combine mathematics and science. -This pro-reason, anti-faith act would soon help inspire countless other individuals to have similar intellectual independence
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Dec 14, 1546
Tycho Brahe
-De nova stella (On the new star) of 1573, he refuted the Aristotelian belief in an unchanging celestial realm
-Measurements indicated that "new stars" in 1572 lacked the parallax expected in sub-lunar phenomena, and were therefore not "atmospheric" tail-less comets
-Showed that comets were also not atmospheric phenomena
-most accurate astronomical observations of his time, and the data was used by his assistant, Johannes Kepler, to derive the laws of planetary motion
-Died 24 October 1601 -
Jan 22, 1561
Francis Bacon
-Philosophical advocate and practitioner of the scientific method during the scientific revolution
-Creator of empiricism; works established and popularised inductive methodologies for scientific inquiry
-considered to be the philosophical influence behind the dawning of the Industrial age
-Died 9 April 1626 of pneumonia -
Feb 15, 1564
Galileo Galilei
-Galileo Galilei born 15 Feburary 1564
-Constructed military compass 1597
-Built a telescope, able to see craters on moon, discover Jupiter's moons, study Venus's phases
-1610 published Sidereus Nuncius; went against church with idea of heliocentric (sun-centered) universe
-Published Assyer in 1623, pleased pope UrbanVIII after sitings of coments in 1618
-Climax of publishing in 1632 , ignored Church warning, put under house arrest for rest of his life until 1642 -
Dec 27, 1571
Johannes Kepler
- Wrote first influential defense of Copernican system, Mysterium Cosmographicum
- Inherited post as Imperial Mathmatician to Hapsburg Emporor in 1601
- Discovered that orbit of Mars was ellipse; first step towards him formulation of planetary motion laws
- In 1606 published De Stella Nova on supernova
- Built his own telescope in 1610, late published a confirmation of Galileo's observations of Jupiter's moons
- 1627 completed Rudolphine Tables -Died in 1630
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Apr 1, 1578
William Harvey
-English physician who was the first person to describe completely and in detail the systemic circulation and properties of blood being pumped to the body by the heart
-He was also the first to study biology quantitatively.
-Harvey’s findings are the foundation for all modern research on the heart and blood vessels
- Died in 1657 -
Isaac Newton
- 'Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica' in published in 1687, included his Laws of Motion -In 1665, Isaac Newton invented the generalized binomial theorem
- Worked in feilds of optics in 1670's. Led to discovery that a prism can decompose white light into a spectrum of colors.
- "Newtons Theory of Color"
- Died March 31st 1727
