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Public Schools Established
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Period: to
13 Urban Districts Establish Superintendency
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Period: to
Large City School System Problems
-Misuse of public funds
-Inadequate facility management
-Employment of unfit teachers -
Most Major Cities Have Superintendents
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Joseph Mayer Rice (scholar-physician)
"The importance of the position cannot be overestimated" -
Andrew Draper (President, University of Illinois)
Urged school boards to delegate:
-employment of teachers
-supervision of instruction
-management of finances -
Charles Thwing (President, Western Reserve University)
Superintendents were "rendering a service to the people far greater than that which any other citizen was rendering"