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Decembrist Revolt
The Decembrist Revolt started with a small group of nobles and army officers. They were trying to overthrow czars government. The goal of this group was to set up a constitutional monarchy. Czar Nicholas I quickly killed the uprising, and executed five leaders, with the exile of hundreds more to siberia. -
The Emancipation of Russian Serfs
Serfs made up of one-third of the russian population, even though they did not hold any political power. Czar Alexander II implement a program of social reform and replaced the emancipation of the serfs in the center.
The Emancipation of Russian Serfs lead to a disturbance among peasants. In which thousand of peasants refused to work. Instead they were preparing for a armed uprising. Another consequence of this is that many could not supper themselves or their families. Half of the income of a -
The Social Democratic Party Splits (Mensheviks and Bolsheviks)
The social democratic party was a revolutionary party that wanted the destruction of capitalism and the overthrow of the czar They met in 1903 to decide the path they would take in their mission to reform/revolutionize russia -
Russian War with Japan
This war was for taking over Korea and Manchuria. Stunning defeat for Russia and increased economic hardships at home. -
Revolution of 1905
The Bloody Sunday horrified Russians, and it was the spark of the revolution.
Widespread revolt of Russian (peasants , workers, military and non-Russian parts of the empire. Riots, and strikes sqeps the cities. In the countryside peasants looked and burned homes.
Nicholas I created some reforms to give the citizens more rights.
Czar still in power, many revolutions not satisfied with results. -
Bloody Sunday
Workers in Russia had been organizing themselves with the goal of more economic equality
On a snowy sunday afternoon, men, women, and children, join a march with banners of czar on it with his wife.
The chief of security ordered that police fire on the protesters, killing over 100 and wounded several hundred more.
A massacre occurs,
Nicholas gained the nickname “Bloody Nicholas” -
Czar Nicholas II Abdicates the Throne
Following Russian struggles in WWI there is an uprising in Petrograd and the army joins the striking workers
The czar is forced to abdicate (give up) his throne and is then arrested by the Bolshevik controlled soviets
This is the end of the czarist rule of Russia and the collapse of the absolute rule
Nicholas and his family are taken to Yekaterinburg and killed. -
Bolshevik Revolution
After Nicholas abdicates the throne a new provisional government is set up to replace the czar
The provisional (temporary) government is weak and the Bolsheviks seize power and make Lenin the leader of the new government. The Bolsheviks now have power and make Russia and communist state
Lenin is made supreme leader. The mensheviks object and a new civil war breaks out between the two parties -
Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
The new Soviet government realizes the difficulty of Russia fighting Germany in the war and wants to negotiate a peace
After many rounds of negotiation Russia gives up Ukraine, Poland and other Baltic territories to have peace
Although Russia loses large chunks of land in the treaty it is now out of WWI
Not all Russian revolutionaries are happy with the outcome and some split causing a civil war -
Russian Civil War
Disagreement over the treaty of Brest-Litovsk leads to a split between the Mensheviks (white) and the Bolsheviks (red)
THe cheka (secret police) lead a campaign of terror to rid the country of non-Bolsheviks (red) socialist
A full civil war breaks out by 1919. The civil war leave much of Russia in ruins and result in the death of more than 6 million people
In defeating the whites, the Bolsheviks expanded Russian territory by taking over Ukraine, Georgia, Azerbaijan, and Armenia
Lenin now unifie
