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Scandinavian Warriors (Varangians) & Slavs settle near Volga & Dnieper Rivers
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Mongols invade Kiev and rule area for over 200 years. at the time they had the most power because they can ride horses and shot bows.
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Ivan III “The Great” ended Mongol rule over them by having powerful families come down the volga river to ambush the Mongol forces. and expanded russian territory
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Ivan IV “The Terrible” became Russia’s first czar. the Country faced foreign invasions, economic decline, & social upheaval. he was known as Ivan “The Terrible” because he murdered, cheated, and flat out abused his power as russia's monarch
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in the Late 1600’s the one known as Peter I “The Great” came to power his Goals were to modernize Russia, Enlarge russia's territory, Build a stronger military,Develop trade partners with West Europe, build new capital St. Petersburg (“Window to the West”)
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Peasants are now Serfs which are like slaves and do all the dirty work. so it is like sharecropping
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Czar Alexander II moved Serfs to the cities for there labor. he made it where Non-Russians faced prejudice in what is call Russification
(Russification - which encouraged people to speak Russian & follow E Orthodox Christianity)
Workers sought Socialism because of him
(Socialism - belief that calls for greater economic equality in society
Karl Marx -”classless society” equal sharing of wealth, public ownership of land (1848)) -
Bolsheviks where a revolutionary group, believing in Communism, led by Vladimir Lenin
Communism is the philosophy based on Karl Marx’s ideas that called for the violent overthrow of the government & a society led by workers
Vladimir Lenin was the head of Soviet government from 1917 to 1924 Changed Soviet Union into a one-party Communist State
Organized the death & persecution of up to 140K people, many members of high-class bourgeoisie -
Joseph Stalin Governed Russia with an ‘Iron Fist’ from 1922 to 1952. he Eliminated those who disagreed w/his policies because of this he Killed 20-25 million Russians throw Hunger and Murder.
in WWII he Defeated Hitler and Demanded half of Europe after WWII -
Reform minded
(Perestroika - policy of economic restructuring)
(Glasnost - policy of greater political openness)
