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settled near volga and dnieper rivers. they need to get away from snow to be able to farm. they settled near rivers to be able to farm for their food.
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they invaded kiev. they ruled over the kievs for over 200 years. they invaded because they wanted the city's submissions .
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ivan III was also known as ivan "the great". ivan ended the mongol rule over kiev. ivan expanded his territory. ivan was a co-rule over kiev at first.
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ivan Iv was also known as ivan "the terrible". he became russia's first crowned czar. a czar is an supreme ruler.
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peasants became known as serfs. a serf is an enslaved workforce bound to the land. they were under the control of the nobility.
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peter I was also known as peter "the great". peter came to power at this time. he wanted to modernize russia.
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alexander II was assassinated during this time. serfs had moved to the cities. non-russians faced prejudice because of russification. russification encouraged people to speak russian.
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the bolsheviks seized control from czar nicholas II. bolsheviks was a revolutionary group that believed in communism. this group was led by vladimir lenin.
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he was the head of soviet government. during his rule he changed soviet union into a one-party communist state. he also organized the death and persecution of up to 140k people.
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he governed russia with an 'iron fist'. he eliminated those who disagree with his policies. he killed 20-25 russians.
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mikhail gorbachev was assumed to power. he was reform minded. he also had a perestroika which is a policy of economic restructuring.
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communism collapses and boris yeltsin was named 1st president. the economy went from command to market. later vladimir putin became president in 1999