-
Nicholas II crowned Tsar of Russia
He was the last Czar to ever rule in Russia. Nicholas was never inclined, or trained to rule, but he succeeded to the Russian throne after the death of his father. He then married Alexandra, a German princess. The were crowned Czar and Czarina in May, 1896. The peasants were angered about the crowning of Nicholas, they thought he wasn’t right for the thrown like his father was. After Nicholas discovered that his only son was very ill, he called up Rasputin, a very professional doctor. Rasputin c -
Period: to
RR Timeline
-
Russo-Japenese War
This war was very unpopular among the Russians, mostly because it was a complete disaster in many ways, and not just military. The war was a surpirse to the people. It was never planned out, it just happened. The war was fought in the very far eastern parts of the country. Most of the population were very far from the war and felt removed from it. It felt too remote. Tsushima Bay and Port Arthur, Russia’s only naval bases in the far east, were captured in January 1905. -
The Revolution of 1905
The people were trying to convince Tsar Nicholas II to change the Russian Government from an autocracy, into a constitutional monarchy. For several years before 1905, and after the embarrassing Russo-Japanese War. The protests ranged from strikes, to student riots and terrorist assassinations. These efforts climaxed in the massacre of the peaceful demonstrators, on Bloody Sunday. Also known as the October Revolution. -
Bloody Sunday
On January 22, 1905, a group of workers led by the radical preist (Georgy Gapon, leader of the Orthodox Church), marched to the czar’s Winter Palace, in St. Petersburg, to make their demands. The czar’s imperial forces (the secret police called the Okhrana) opened fire on the demonstrators, killing and wounding hundreds. Strikes and riots broke out all over the country in response to the massacre, in which Nicholas responded by promising to establish the Dumas (representative assemblies). -
March Revolution
By the beginning of March, workers demanded a 50% wage increase. After the company refused, they went on strike. Not even a week later, 30,000 workers were locked out of work, they were not paid and could not afford any food. The strikers encouraged other workers to come out on strike with them. -
October Revolution
The Bolsheviks, led by Vladimir Lenin, along with the workers’ Soviets, overthrew the Provisional Government in St. Petersburg. They positioned themselves as leaders of the government ministries and took control of the countryside. To end the war, the Bolshevik leadership signed the Treaty of Brest-Litovisk with Germany in March, 1918. Alexander Kerensky served as the minister of Justice, in May he became the minister of war, and in July he became second Prime Minister until the Bolsheviks led a -
Russian Civil War Begins
The Russian Civil War began in 1918 and sat apart for 3 years until the end. Lenin’s Bolsheviks were opposed by monarchists, militarists, and foreign nations. The Bolsheviks were known as the Reds, and the opposers were known as the Whites -
Treaty of Brest-Litovisk
This treaty was promised well before its’ signing. It took awhile to convince the Bolsheviks were forced after Lenin promised to sign it, or they must face the consequences. On March 3, 1918, the treaty was signed. -
Russian Civil War Ends
The Russian Civil War started in 1918 and went on until the start of 1921. The Bolsheviks seemed hopeless to win, because they were always outnumbered. But, by the start of 1921, they had defeated their enemies, and gained a complete victory. Communism became established and went ahead unchallenged. -
USSR is formed
The USSR is formed on December 30, 1922 into the Soviet Socialist republics, creating a confederation of Russia, Ukraine, Belorussia, and the Transcaucasian Federation (split into the Georgian, Azenbaijan, and Armenian republics in 1936). They became known as the Soviet Union, and was the first country in the world to be based on the Marxist System, named after Karl Marx, and his supporters the Mensheviks and the proletariats, and led by Joseph Stalin
