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Jun 15, 1215
Magna Carta
-King John placed himself and England's future sovreigns and majestries within the rule of law
-protected noble authority
-equal treatment under the law
-trial by one's peers -
Jan 1, 1500
Merchantilism
-A nation should export more than it imported and accumulate gold to make up the difference.
-Reaction to economic problems
-Ended near 1800s -
Jamestown Colony (established)
-Company explores established colony on the bank of the James river
-landed there because the deep channel let ships ride close to shore. -
House of Burgess
-Made up of 22 men
-Goal was to change the Thomas Dale laws.
-First form of a democracy in the New World. -
Mayflower Compact
-Was a response to speeches given becasue the pilgrims were goiong to settle in Northern Virginia.
-established a government for those to supply their labor. -
Plymouth Colony (established)
-Economy developed around made in fish and furs
-Origanally bound for Virginia to live near Jamestown
-Feared going further south for the winter. -
Fundamental Orders of Connecticut
-Was the first written constitution in North America
-composed of a preamble and 11 orders
-included guidlines for representation and paying taxes -
Culpeper's Rebellion
-In pasquotank county
-prerogative party against popular party
-Arguments made over the governor's salary, taxes, and money
-A colony with a poor government -
Glorious Revolution
-Lasted until 1689
-Imported a new Protestant king and queen, William III and Mary II.
-Parliament had made a change of government by proving superiority to the king. -
Enlish Bill of Rights
-Was signed into law by King William III.
-It limited the right to raise money through the taxation of Parliament. -
Salem Witch Trials
-Where someone was accused of being a witch or of doing witchcraft
-Began when a group of girls began confulsing and the doctor could find no natural cause.
-Many were charged, examined, tried, and even condemned to death -
First Great Awakening
-"spiritual awakening"
-allowed for the expression of emotions in prayer in order to become more intimate with God.
-caused by the halt in spiritual arguments which caused religion to become "dry" -
French and Indian War
-British fought against the French and Native Americans
-A result was the taxing that began to pay for the war. -
French and Indian War
The British fought against the French and Native Americans.
-The French lost, and the British gained land
-A result of the war was to begin paying taxes for the debt they were now in. -
Albany Plan of Union
-Plan to place the British North American colonies under a more centralized government
-Never carried out
-First important plan conceived as a whole under one government
-Benjamin Franklin -
Proclamation line of 1763
-Gave the land betweent he Mississippi River and the Appalachian moutains to native Americans
-Colonists weren't to go past the Appalachian Mountains -
Sugar/Revenue Act of 1764
-The first tax on American colonies imposed by the British
-Colonial leaders in Boston argued that the taxation was a violation of their British privilages
-Also established new trail procedures. -
Stamp Act
American coloists were required to pay a tax on every printed paper. They worried that this would lead to worse taxation later on. -
Virginia Resolves
-First settlers got the liberties, privilages, franchises, and immunity possessed by the British
-The taxation of the poeple must be affected by every tax laid on the people
-It was the only security against burdensome taxation. -
Sons of Liberty
-made up of workers and tradesmen in Boston
-Prepared for agitation against stamp act
-Boston Tea Party -
Townshend Act
British government tried to put taxes on imported goods. Taxes were used to fund the pay of judges and governors. -
Boston Massacre
British soldiers tried to protect a sentry from a crowd. They ended up killing five people. -
Gaspee Incident
After the night the Gaspee chased a merchant ship believed to be smuggling goods, a group of men boarded the ship. They set the ship on fire and injured the captain. -
Committees of Correspondence
-Formed in order to coordinate action against the British
-Orgnizations represent the leading men of each colony.
-Formed to address specifc problems -
Tea Act
The Tea Act was designed to prop up the East India Company. The tea was to be shipped directly to the colonies and sold at bargain price. -
Intolerable Acts
Boston Port Act: March 30, 1774
Massachussetts Government Act: May 20, 1774
Administration of Justice Act: May 20, 1774
Quartering Act: March 24, 1765
Quebec Act: October 7, 1774 -
Boston Tea Party
-Closed the city port
-342 crates of tea were dumped into the ocean
- Caused by the restricton of buying tea. -
First Continental Congress
-Colonists were upset because of the Intolerabe Acts and taxes.
-Held in Philadelphia
-Each state sent a representative -
Edenton Tea Party
-one of the earliest organized women's political actions
-51 women formed an alliance supporting the cause against taxation without representation
-ridiculed in England, but praised in the colonies -
Second Continental Congress
-Established the militia as the continental army to represent the states
-Elected George Washington as the commander in chief. -
Mecklenburg Resolves
-these are a series of resolutions.
-all laws originating from the king or parliament were voided.
-the actions of royal military and civil officials were suspended -
Halifax Resolves
-first instructions that authorized its delegates to seperate from Great Britain
-didn't authorize delegates to make a resolution, just to vote for independence if a resolution were made. -
Declaration of Independence
-Thomas Jefferson was the author of the Declaration of Independence.
-A five man comittee drafted the statement of colonies intentions.
-Most cherished symbol of liberty -
Articles of Confederation
-Written during the early part of the Amercian Revolution
-Congress had power to regulate foreign affairs, war, and the postal service. -
Treaty of Paris 1783
-Ended the revolution and recognized the U.S. as an independent nation.
-Named for the city in which it was negotiated and signed. -
land ordinace of 1785
-Laid the foundations of American land policy
-sections of 640 acre land was given to each township
-the 16th section was reserved for maintenence of public schools -
Shays' Rebellion
-Shay's rebellion was named after Daniel Shays
-Post-revolutionary clash between New England farmers and merchants
-Had a great influence on public opinion
-Took a group of men to the courthouses to get their farms and money back. -
Northwest Ordinance of 1787
-No fewer than three or more than 5 states would be formed
-Admission to the union would be available when the number of free inhabitants reached 60,000
-Education be encouraged -
Federalist/Antifederalist papers
-Federalist: arguments in favor of ratification
- used to persuade New Yorkers to ratify the constitution
-Anti-federalist: arguments against ratification. -
Constitutional Convention
-Lasted four months with 55 delegates
-Men who showed up were characterized as "demi-gods"
-Only 39 out of 55 delegates signed the Constitution -
Whiskey Rebellion
-Rebellion against the payment of the excise tax.
-a large military force was called to suppress the rebellion.
-at first the efforts to enforce the laws were to be peaceful but had to turn violent -
Pontiac's Rebellion
-Ottawas attacked fort Detroit in May of 1763
-Native Americans killed/captured more than 600 people by late fall
-Fort Sandusky fell to them also killing 13 soldiers that were inside.
