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French and Indian War
*"7 Year War"
*Fight for control over key access points in North America
*Britain won
*Treaty of Paris- any land to the East of the Mississippi river belonged to Britain
*Left Britain 8 million dollars in debt after supplying the colonies for the war -
Sugar Act
*Indirect tax by Brits to America
*Didn't work well as Bostonians got really good at smuggling and were openly defiant to officers, as they refused to let them search their ships, despite the Writ of Assistance
*Not collecting enough money lead to the stamp act -
Stamp Act
*Printed goods were stamped to show payment of taxes
*Major colonial resistance causes it to be repealed in just one year
*Colonial resistance included: boycotts, tarring and feathering, further smuggling, and the formation of sons and daughters of liberty -
Townshend Acts
*tax on glass, paint, tea
*tea- very popular, although, not necessary, good
*England needed a popular item with lots of sales in order to collect much needed money
*The money collected from this new act, however, did not go to paying off debt, but toward the troops stationed in Boston
*Repealed after 4 years -
Quartering Act
*Colonists forced to house soldiers
*Colonists upset that they had to give up their food, space, and privacy with nothing in return
*As a result the price of the inns and taverns went up -
Declaratory Acts
*All laws passed by the British were superior to those of the Americans
*Colonists had been self governing for at least 130yrs
*British took away their "right" to self govern
*Everything the colonist gov't decided, the British gov't had to approve
*Colonies consisted of loyalists (British supporters) and patriots (wanting independence from Britain) -
Tea Act
*Tax on tea and coffee
*British East India Co. in danger of bankruptcy
*Awarded monopoly to British East India Co. to ensure tax collection -
Boston Tea Party
*Protest by Sons of Liberty on monopoly
*Bostonians refuse to allow the unloading of tea from the British East India Co.
*British not getting taxes---going bankrupt
*Sons of Liberty dumped tea in the harbor -
Intolerable Acts
*Boston Port Act
*Mass Gov't Act
*Justice Act
*Quartering Act
*Quebec Act
*Britain targeted Boston to punish them
*Backfired as other colonies supported Boston (the same could happen to them) -
1st Continental Congress
*Sam Adams calls all the colonies to meeting to derive how they will rebel against England
*As one colony agrees to contribute, another follows their lead