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Mayflower
Overview-
*102 colonist traveled from England to Massachusetts
*Mixed puritans and separatists
*Virginia Co. charter
*No legal rights or laws
*"Squatters"
Effect-
*First colonization of New England -
Virginia House of Burgesses
Overview-
*Control over finances
*Local legislation
*Council appointed by royal government
*White men w/ significant amount of land could vote
Effect-
*Virginia becomes a royal colony
*King James and Virginia Co. become hostile
*King James hated tabacco
*Distrust in the House of Burgesses
*1624- King James buys Virginia -
Mayflower Compact
Overview-
*The first agreement of self-government in America
*41 signatures (excluding non church members, women, and children)
Effect-
*Introduced assemblies and town meetings
*Puritan settlements and way of life
*Covenant Theology (Grace and Social) -
French and Indian War
Overview- (Causes of war)
*Land Competition
*Control over North American trade routes
*Alliance w/ native tribes
*European wars and conflicts
*Traditional Enemies
Outcome-
*British victory
-8 million dollar war fund
-Larger army and navy
-Colonial Militia
-Iroquois allies
Aftermath-
*Britain blames colonists for war
*Repay war debt (taxes)
*Restricted colonial access to Ohio River Valley
*Weakness in British army
*Enforcement of colonial laws
Effect-
*Increased taxes
*Proclamation - -
Sugar Act
Overview-
*Lowers taxes from molasses act
*Goal is to decrease smuggling
*Indirect tax on sugar
*Issued writs of assistance
*Caused by the war debt (French and Indian)
Effect-
*Tarring and Feathering
*Continue smuggling
*Refusing to pay taxes (boycotts)
*Attacks on British soldiers and tax collectors -
Stamp Act
Overview-
*Tax on all printed goods
*Direct tax; paid separate from item
*Additional tax; felt like rights were violated
Caused-
*"Stamp Act Congress"
*Sons and Daughters of Liberty
*Boycott
*Non importation agreement -
Townsend and Quartering Act
Overview-
*Townsend Act-
British repeal Stamp Act
Replace w/ Townsend Acts
Tax on glass, paint, tea, and others
Similar to Navigation Acts
Money was used to finance troops in the colonies
Repealed after 4 years
*Quartering Act-
Soldiers are free (housing and food)
Raising prices -
Tea Act
Overview-
*Tax on tea
*British East India Co. in danger of bankruptcy
Competition for Dutch (VOC)
Poor investments
*Monopoly!!
Effect-
*Tea, Quartering, and Townsend Acts cause the assembly of the sons of liberty to react in the form of the Boston Tea Party. -
Boston Tea Party
Overview-
*342 crates, $1-3 million worth of damage (tea)
*Great Britain sees it as a "Threat to British Rule"
*Samuel Adams, John Hancock, and Josiah Quincy
King George III-
*Very angry
*Use force (troops)
*"reduce colonies to state of dependence"
*Punish those directly involved
Effects-
*Caused the Intolerable acts and the importation of 20k troops into Boston. -
Intolerable Acts
Overview-
*Boston Port Act
*Mass. Gov't Act
*Justice Act
*2nd Quartering Act
*Quebec Act
Effect-
Isolate Boston
*Fair Punishment
*Sam Adams - Sons of Liberty
*General Gage becomes MA governor
Increase troop presences
Arrest rebels
Reactions-
*Merchants refuse to join boycotts
*Other colonies hesitate to provide aid
*Call for inter-colonial meeting
*Adams supporters: Richard Henry Lee, Patrick Henry, Thomas Jefferson