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Texas Revolution
Between these dates, "a group of mostly American-born residents of the Mexican province of Texas rebelled against the government of Mexico and ultimately declared Texas to be an independent republic." This was the result of the Mexican government's over reach in government and acts conducted by their military officials.
Leaders: Sam Houston (Texas), Santa Ana (Mexico)
Deaths: Estimated roughly 1,700 (Texas- 700, Mexico-1,000)
https://dp.la/primary-source-sets/texas-revolution -
Battle of the Alamo
Texas forces, lead by George Collinsworth and Benjamin Milam and "who despite later reinforcements never numbered more than 200," were defending the Alamo against the Mexican forces and suffered a heroic victory after 13 days of holding out. The Mexican forces, led by Santa Anna and number 1,600-6,000, charged the Alamo using numbers over tactics and suffered a heavy lose of 600-1,600 men.
https://www.history.com/topics/mexico/alamo -
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The Texas Republic
Presidents- Sam Houston for the first and third terms, Mirabeau Lamar as the second term president.
Survived as a Republic for only 9 years, the Republic of Texas fought in many battles during its time, mostly with the Natives after winning their independence. Amounting a debt of $1.25 million, being a slave state, and not being officially recognized by Mexico, Texas struggled to be annexed into the US like it wanted to be.
https://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/entries/republic-of-texas -
Treaty of Velasco
The treaty of Velasco (original document in picture), was signed between "His Excellency David G. Burnet, President of the Republic of Texas, of the one part, and His Excellency General Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna, President General in Chief of the Mexican Army" The treaty was sign to force "All hostilities between the Mexican and Texian troops [to] cease immediately both on land and water." This treat is what ended the Revolution.
https://dp.la/primary-source-sets/texas-revolution/sources/1180 -
Battle of San Jacinto
"On April 21, 1836, Sam Houston and some 800 Texans defeated Santa Anna’s Mexican force of approximately 1,500 men at the Battle of San Jacinto,[...] The victory ensured the success of Texan independence: In mid-May, Santa Anna, who had been taken prisoner during the battle, signed a peace treaty at Velasco, Texas, in which he recognized Texas’ independence in exchange for his freedom."
https://www.history.com/topics/mexico/battle-of-san-jacinto -
Sam Houston Elected President
Sam Houston, an esteemed general in the military during the battle for independence, was elected as president of Texas after his last minute entry into the race against Mirabeau Lamar, who later became the second president. Sam Houston was quoted saying “Texas will again lift its head and stand among the nations….It ought to do so, for no country upon the globe can compare with it in natural advantages.” https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/sam-houston-elected-as-president-of-texas -
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Sam Houston as Texas' President
Elected the first President of the Republic of Texas, Sam Houston's goal as president was to " demilitarize Texas by cannily furloughing much of the army," and also "to avoid trouble between White settlers and Indians." During his presidency, the main thing that kept him from performing these goals was the Cordova Rebellion. This hardened the Natives to opening up to white settlers and ultimately ended in another short war for Texas.
https://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/entries/houston-sam -
Texas is recognized by the United States and given official boarders
"The United States recognized Texan independence on March 3, 1837, when U.S. President Andrew Jackson nominated Alcée La Branche as Minister to Texas." There was later, after the Texas Revolution was finished, a time where the US and Texas marked out the boarders between the two countries, as shown bellow in the picture. https://history.state.gov/countries/texas -
The Battle at Plum Creek
The Battle of Plum Creek happened because of the incident at San Antonio Earlier the same year know as, the Council House Fight. The leaders for the Texas militia were Gen. Felix Houston, Col. Edward Burleson, and Capt. Mathew Caldwell. This battle was a result of the Comanche's raids along the Guadalupe Valley. After Comanche retreat Texas caught up to the Natives and won a decisive Victory at Plum Creek. https://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/entries/plum-creek-battle-of -
Texas is annexed by the United States
After long controversial conversations about Texas coming in to the Union as a slave state, Texas was finally annexed into the United States in December of 1845 under the presidency of James Polk. Texas officially became the 28th state of the United States. This action by the US and Texas is also what led to the Mexican-American War. (Map of Texas region when annexed below, published by US Senate) https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/texas-enters-the-union