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Oct 13, 1347
The Bubonic Plague
The plague likely started in Asia and traveled westward along the Silk Road. The disease was carried by fleas that lived on rats. Historians think that black rats living on European merchant ships caught the disease, eventually bringing it to Europe. -
Jan 1, 1413
Brunelleschi Creates Linear Perspective.
The linear perspective eliminates the multiple viewpoints that we see in medieval art, and creates an illusion of space from a single, fixed viewpoint. This suggests a renewed focus on the individual viewer, and we know that individualism is an important part of the Humanism of the Renaissance. -
Jan 12, 1429
Joan of Arc and the Siege of Orleans
Between 1428 and 1429, during the Hundred Years War (1337-1453), the city of Orleans, France, was besieged by English forces. On May 8, 1429, Joan of Arc, a teenage French peasant, successfully led a French force to break the siege. She was canonized by the Roman Catholic Church. -
May 3, 1464
Cosimo de Medici dies
His body was taken to Florence and huge crowds filled the streets as he was buried in the church of San Lorenzo, where his tomb can still be seen. Carved on it by order of the Signoria were the words Pater Patriae, 'Father of the Country'. -
1478
The Spanish Inquisition begins.
Although many people think of Spain and Portugal when they think of the Inquisition, Pope Innocent III (1198–1216) really started it in Rome. In order to battle the heresy of the Abilgenses, a theological movement in France, a subsequent pope named Pope Gregory IX founded the Inquisition in 1233. The Inquisition was officially established in Western and Central Europe by 1255, although it never took place in England or Scandinavia. -
1492
Columbus Discovers America
Although many people associate the Inquisition with Portugal and Spain Pope Innocent III (1198–1216) really began it in Rome. Later pope Gregory IX established the Inquisition in 1233 to combat the heresy of the Abilgenses, a doctrinal movement in France. By 1255, the Inquisition had evolved into a highest contributor in Western and Central Europe, but it never existed in England or Scandinavia.