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During this time period the King tried to tax the French Clergy. The Pope was not very happy about the King wanting to do this so he threatened to excommunicate the king. The threat did not go so well for the pope because he was then arrested but he was later released. The next Pope was Clement V. He moved the headquarters of the Church from Rome to Avignon in southern France.
Martin Luther and Reformation notes- slide 9 -
The Black Death first arrived to Europe by sea in October of 1346. the pathogen that caused the disease was the Yersinia pestis bacterium,which most likely caused several forms of plague. Black Death killed about 30–60% of Europe's total population. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_Death
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Donatello apprenticed very early, he started learning his ways with other well-known sculptors before he was 20 years old. His sculptures were Gothic Style. He received many commissions. He was second to "famous" next to Michelangelo.
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During this time medical treatments and medicine were upgraded and better for people. Medieval tactics were no longer used and there was less torturous procedures. Human dissection was also introduced. The first steps of understanding the human brain were discovered at this time. https://explorable.com/renaissance-medicine
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During the Hundred Years' war, the city of New Orleans and France was was besieged by English forces. Joan of arc, who was a teenage French peasant, led a french force to break the siege. Later in 1920 she was canonized by the Roman Catholic church. http://www.history.com/topics/siege-of-orleans
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The first printing press was made around 1440 by Johann Gutenburg. It saved lots of time, instead of having to reprint letter by letter the printing press allowed people to re print pages at a time. This invention is considered the most important event of the modern period, because it helped many people in the development of the Renaissance and Reformation. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Printing_press
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Rapheal's full names was Raffaello Sanzio da Urbino, but he was known as Rapheal. He was a painter and architect. His work is known for visual achievement of the Neoplatonic ideal of human grandeur. His most famous or well known painting is called Madonnas. http://www.biography.com/people/raphael-41051
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Leonardo da Vinci was a painter,inventor,and architect. He was a "natural genius", as some may call him. Leonardo was best known for his art. His best known pieces are Mona Lisa and The Last Supper. http://www.history.com/topics/leonardo-da-vinci
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Michelangelo was a sculptor, painter, and architect. He was considered to be one of the greatest artist to be known in the Italian Renaissance period. His artwork focused on psychological insight and physical realism. His pieces of work were new and extraordinary to people, that is what caught people's eye. http://www.history.com/topics/michelangelo
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Titan was born sometime between 1488 and 1490 the exact date he was born has not been discovered. He became an artist's apprentice in Venice when he was a teenager. He worked with well known artist's, Sebastiano Zuccato, Giovanni Bellini and Giorgione, after working with them he separated from them and worked on his own. Around 1518 he became one of Venice's leading artists. A little while after that he started crating art pieces for members of royalty.
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Indulgences were a piece of paper that you could purchase, the purpose of buying this piece of paper was so you could relieve all of your sins. The sad thing about this is that is not really how it works when you want to relive your sins. Pope Loe X just wanted money for the rebuilding of St. Peter's Basilica in Rome. https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/world-history/renaissance-and-reformation/protestant-reformation/a/an-introduction-to-the-protestant-reformation
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Williams most famous piece he wrote was called Sonnets. This piece caused major controversy. Although many praised him for it. http://www.online-literature.com/shakespeare/
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During the early Renaissance the first mechanical clock was made. Galileo,who invented the pendulum, made improvements to the clock later on. This invention made clocks much more accurate. http://www.ducksters.com/history/renaissance_science.php
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Nobility was 2-3% of the total population. Nobility were important political positions such as the King's advisers. These people must be educated and intelligent. life during the renaissance notes- slide 2
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Townspeople made 7-13% of the population. There were four divisions of these people. There was patricians, Burghers, workers, and the Unemployed. Life during the renaissance notes- slide 3
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Peasants made up 85-90% of the population. They had the same jobs and responsibilities as Middle Age peasants did. They worked farmland for very poor wages. life during the renaissance notes- slide 4
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Edmunds most famous piece he wrote was called The Faerie Queene. It was dedicated to Queen Elizabeth I.it was influenced by the philosophical ideas of Aristotle on the moral virtues. http://www.online-literature.com/edmund-spenser/
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The Godson of Queen Elizabeth, John Harrington, made the first flush toilet. His friends had teased him about making this toilet so he did not make another one. Although him and Elizabeth still used the one he invented. http://www.bookunitsteacher.com/renaissance/inventions.htm
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The first microscope was made in the Netherlands between 1590 and 1608. Three different eyeglass makers are reliable for this invention. The inventor was probably Hans Lippershey who made the first real telescope, or Hans Janssen and his son Zacharias. http://www.bookunitsteacher.com/renaissance/inventions.htm
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Galileo Galilei had this idea that the sun did not revolve around earth. He believed that Earth was a Satellite of the sun, as well as other planets. The king did not like the way Glileo was talking so he told him to keep his mouth shut because it was against religion. http://net.lib.byu.edu/scm/astronomy/
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The definition of Alchemy is the transmutation of materials through obscure processes.Alchemy was considered witchcraft. Two of the main Telemann worked with in Alchemy were mercury and sulfur. https://explorable.com/renaissance-alchemy
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John Milton was born on 9 December 1608. This poem was considered to be one of the greatest epic poems in the English language, it is called Paradise Lost. http://www.online-literature.com/milton/
