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Period: Jan 1, 1337 to Jan 1, 1453
100 years war
The 100 years was a battle fought between France and England that lasted over a century. France eventually won, but the war caused both countries to join together in a more structured way. Soon, they both had unifying monarchs, and England was on its way toward the Golden Age. -
Jan 1, 1350
*The Italian Rebaissance Begins.
The Italian renissance was the earliest revival in the arts, education, government, science, technology, and philosophy in Europe.It originated in Florence, when the Northern and Central parts of Italy were divided into a number of conflicting city-states, the most powerful being Milan, Florence, Pisa, Siena, Genoa, Ferrara, Mantua, Verona and Venice. -
Jan 1, 1420
*The Papacy Return to Rome
The Papacy, the Pope and his office, after having been located in Avignon (Southeastern France) since 1305, returns to Rome, bringing with it the influence and wealth required to rebuild the city. The Pope at that time being Martin V. -
Jan 1, 1423
*Francesco Fosari Becomes Doge of Venice
Fosari assumes the position of doge, or cheif magistrate. He then attempts to overthrow the political power to the disgust of the Great Council. Venice's ruling body, which posseses the power to resist the doge then torments him until his resignation. -
Jan 1, 1434
*The Medici family takes control of Florence
In 1397,Giovanni de Medici, the papal banker, headquarters his business in Florence and becomes involved in Florentine political affairs, laying the foundation for the rise of his son Cosimo de Medici to power. Cosimo de Medici becomes head of the bank after his father diesin 1429. He then uses his economic power to consolidate political power. Within five years he runs the city without question. -
Sep 5, 1447
*The Last Visconti ruler of Milan dies
Filippo Maria Visconti, who had become ruler of Pavia in 1402, succeeded his assassinated brother Gian Maria Visconti as Duke of Milan in 1412. Cruel, paranoid and extremely sensitive he was nevertheless a great politician.He died in 1447 being the last of the Visconti in direct male line. -
Jan 1, 1450
Johannes Gutenburg invents the printing press
The printing press was a great technological advancement. It allowed ideas to spread much quicker due to the fact that a person no longer had to copy/write everythink by hand. -
Jan 1, 1450
Francesco Sforza Seizes Control of Milan
After a short experiment with republican government, Milan returns to monarchy when Francesco Sforza takes control of the city. His most prominent successor is Ludovico Sforza. -
Jan 1, 1453
*Constantinople Falls
The center of the Byzantine Empire, Constantinople falls to the Ottoman Turks, provoking a surplus of Greek people and works of art and literature into the Italian city-states. -
Jan 1, 1464
*Lorenzo de Medici Ascends to Power in Florence
After Cosimo's death in 1464, his son Piero rules until his death in 1469, when power falls into the hands of Lorenzo, who rules until 1491, raising Florence to its greatest heights of the Renaissance. -
Jan 1, 1494
Charles VIII of France invades Naples
Charles VIII, King of France invades Naples. -
Period: Jan 1, 1494 to Jan 1, 1498
The Italian War
The Italian war was series of regional wars brought on by the efforts of the great European powers to control the small independent states of Italy. -
Jan 1, 1513
Machiavelli writes The Price
Machiavelli served under many princes in Florence, Itally. But when Pope Julius II defeated France, Florence fell with it becuase they were close allies. Machiavelli found that he did not want to be ruled by the republican Medici family and was exiled. The next fourteen years of his life he spent writing to the Medici family in order to try and integrate himself into thier system. One of the letters he worte was called The Prince, a paper that greatly influenced later rulers. -
Jan 1, 1519
*Charles I is elected Emporer of Rome
Charles I of Spain is elected Holy Emporer of Rome. -
Jan 1, 1528
Castiglione writes The Book of the Courier
The Book of the Coutier describes the characteristics of a perfect nobel. The book changed people's views about the nobles, and overall this improved the ruling over the city-states where the characteristics are strictly followed. The nobles must now be equipped with military knowledge, and an education, as well as to study the arts. Intelligent nobels started leading the government, instead of just inheriting them from family members. -
Jan 1, 1534
The Act of Supremacy is passed in England
The Act of Supremacy is the act that the English Parliament passed in 1534. It firmly establish the English monarch as the official head of the Church of England, supplanting the power of the Catholic pope in Rome. -
Jan 1, 1555
*The Peace of Augsburg divides Germany
As the end of religious warfare in Germany the Peace of Augsburg accepted the division of Christianity into Catholicism and Lutheranism. -
The Italian Renissance ends
With many things changed for the better, the reaped rate of rebirthing ideas slows down, but that does not prevent the lasting impact that the changes made throughout the Renissance.
