Renaissance and Reformation

Renaissance Government: Spain

Period: 1140 to 1492

In the midst of 1140, Spain consisted of three places, Castile and Leon, Portugal, and Aragon (Ignitia.com Editors). James I, conqueror of Aragon, was joined by Ferdinand III of Castile, to gain a chance to reconquer Spain out of its corrupt government, but failed (Ignitia.com Editors). Ferdinand of Aragon had married Isabella of Castile and made a Spanish Inquisition and recaptured Grenada (Ignitia.com Editors).

Treaty of Paris

1259

The Ruler of France, Louis IX had concluded making a treaty called the Treaty of Paris, with Henry III of England, the year of their Renaissance (Ignitia.com Editors). With this treaty, most of the French territory was still under the control of England but eventually regained (Ignitia.com Editors). This treaty also set relations on a foreign basis between their nations (Ignitia.com Editors.)

Renaissance Government: Italy

Period: 1300 to 1498

As the Renaissance started in Italy, religious and political issues began between the Holy Roman Emperors and the papacy (Ignitia.com Editors). This struggle had caused the beginning of the five major city-states: the Republic of Venice, the Duchy of Milan, the Republic of Florence, the Papal States, and the Kingdom of Naples, and the Republic of Venice was the most stable between these states (Ignitia.com Editors). Venice had a ruler which was called a Duke, whom was elected by the Council.igni

Renaissance Government: England

Period: 1311 to 1483

At the beginning of the fourteenth century, England's king, Edward II was opposed by barons (Ignitia.com Editors). When he died, his son Edward III brought unity to the nation (Ignitia.com Editors). In 1453, England was welcomed by a war that resulted in the end of their Renaissance and in many deaths caused by the plague, "Black Death." (Ignitia.com Editors)

Changes in art

1500

The arts had changed not only in paintings but in architecture too (Ignitia.com Editors)! There are three types of different architecture, Gothic, Byzantine, and Romanesque (Ignitia.com Editors). With the change of art, the artists also changed, the famous Leonardo Da Vinci was named the "Universal man of Renaissance," for not only being skilled in artistry, but also in architecture, botany, engineering, mathematics, physiology, and sculpting (Ignitia.com Editors).

Inventions in the Renaissance

1500

There were many great inventions through the Renaissance, but one of the greatest was the printing press, made by Johann Gutenberg, which he made for carving wood originally (Ignitia.com Editors). Another invention was paper, which was devised in china with the plant of papyrus made to make the original paper in the 1500s (Ignitia.com Editors).

Jesuit Society

1540

Spain was a center of catholicism and had one of the best military forces, so they made a new religious group called the Society of Jesus or the Jesuit Society (Ignitia.com Editors). A soldier named Loyola was seriously wounded in battle and had a religious conversion to support catholicism and started the Jesuit Society (Ignitia.com Editors).

Council of Trent

1545

The Council of Trent was the main reason and paved the way to reformation (Ignitia.com Editors). Charles V was the person that made this Council in order to get an answer to the problems with the Lutherans but failed (Ignitia.com Editors). This Council did not last long with it being only 18 years after they failed to find the problems with the Lutherans (Ignitia.com Editors).

War in the Netherlands

1555

Most of the Netherlands was divided between language and religion (Ignitia.com Editors). Later, Philip II of Spain had conquered the Netherlands and brought Catholicism, Spanish control, and Taxation (Ignitia.com Editors). This had brought the Netherlands and Spain to a war (Ignitia.com Editors).

War in France

1560

France was broken down due to religious differences and had formed Huguenots or French Calvinists; another group included Catholics who only wanted France to be completely Catholic (Ignitia.com Editors). This caused an all-out war between the religious groups (Ignitia.com Editors).