• 1449

    Birth of Lorenzo de’ Medici

    Florentine Republic and the most powerful and enthusiastic patron of Renaissance culture in Italy.
  • 1455

    Gutenberg prints the first Bible

    The Gutenberg Bible was the first major book printed using mass-produced movable metal type in Europe.
  • 1473

    Nicolas Copernicus publishes On the Revolution of the Celestial Spheres

    De revolutionibus orbium coelestium (On the revolutions of the heavenly spheres), written by Polish astronomer Nicolaus Copernicus (1473–1543) and published just before his death,
  • 1478

    Thomas More writes Utopia

    Sir Thomas More, venerated in the Catholic Church as Saint Thomas More, was an English lawyer, social philosopher, author, statesman, and noted Renaissance humanist.
  • 1503

    Leonardo da Vinci paints the Mona Lisa

    It was painted sometime between 1503 and 1519 potent when Leonardo was living in Florence, and it now hangs in the Louvre, in Paris, where it remains an object of pilgrimage in the 21st century.
  • 1504

    Michelangelo sculpts the DavidMichelangelo

    Michelangelo was asked by the consuls of the Board to complete an unfinished
  • 1517

    Martin Luther posts 95 Theses on the door of Castle Church

    The traditional date for the start of the Reformation is October 31, 1517,
  • 1534

    King Henry VIII begins Protestant Anglican church

    Church of England broke with Rome, largely because Pope Clement VII refused to grant Henry an annulment of his marriage to Catherine of Aragon.
  • 1564

    William Shakespeare is born

    William Shakespeare born. According to tradition, the great English dramatist and poet William Shakespeare is born in Stratford-on-Avon
  • Galileo invents a thermometer

    discovered that the density of liquids (how much they contract and expand) reacts predictably to changes in temperature. ... Because his device did not have a numerical temperature scale,