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1517
Martin Luther protests against the Catholic Church. starting the reformation
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1527
Henry seeks a Divorce from the Pope
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Period: 1532 to 1534
Legislation is passed in England curbing the Pope's influence and moving the country away from the Catholic Church
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1533
King Henry marries Anne Boleyn, whilst still married to Catherine of Aragon
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1534
Parliament passes the Act of Supremacy
This legislation bars the Pope's authority in England and creates the King (Henry) as the Head of the Church of England. This happened because he wanted to divorce his wife, Catherine of Aragon, however the Pope would not allow it. -
1536
Dissolution of Smaller Monasteries
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Period: 1536 to 1541
Dissolution of the Monasteries
King Henry VIII confiscated the land and wealth of Catholic monasteries in England. At the time the Catholics controlled about 1/3 of the land in the country and Henry saw this as an opportunity to appropriate more funds, most used to fund military campaigns in France. -
1537
Henry has a son, Edward, With Jane Seymour
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1539
Dissolution of Larger Monasteries
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1553
Mary I becomes Queen of England
Mary I, King Henry's daughter with Catherine of Aragon, becomes Queen after her half-brother's death. She is a Catholic and during her reign, protestants are relentlessly persecuted. This is referred to as the Marian Persecutions, many protestants were burned at the stake. -
1558
Elizabeth I becomes Queen of England
Elizabeth becomes Queen after Mary, her half-sister, who locked her in the Tower of London, dies. At first , despite being a Protestant, she is tolerant of Catholics however towards the end of her reign she begins to persecute them. -
1570
Elizabeth I Begins to Persecute Catholics
A Catholic revolt in Northern England and a Papal Bull denouncing Elizabeth as a heretic and calling Catholics to remove her from power causes the Queen to see Catholics as a threat. Anyone who would not swear an oath to the Queen as head of the Church was executed. -
All Catholic Priests and Jesuits are Driven from England