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Phrenology
the practice of examining bumps on a person’s skull to determine that person’s intellect and character traits—became a practice in the United States -
Inheritable Traits
biological traits passed from parents to children, influences abilities, character, and behavior. Galton traced the famous ancestors of various eminent people and concluded that genius is a hereditary trait -
Functionalism
studied how animals and people adapt to their environments. -
Contemporary Approaches
Are approaches to the study of psychology. The most important approaches to the study of psychology today are the psychoanalytic, behavioral, humanistic, cognitive, biological, and sociocultural approaches. -
Behaviorists
behavior, even apparently instinctive behavior, is the result of conditioning, or situational training, and occurs because the appropriate stimulus is present in the environment. -
Gestalt Psychology
Gestalt psychologists studied how sensations are assembled into perceptual experiences. -
Sociocultural Psychologists
tudying the influence of cultural and ethnic similarities and differences in behavior and social functioning. -
psychoanalyst
was to be objective; he merely sat and listened and then interpreted the associations. -
Cognitivists
focus on how we process, store, retrieve, and use information and how this information influences thinking, language, problem solving, and creativity. -
Humanists
They beleivethe environment and other outside forces serve as a background to internal growth. The humanistic approach emphasizes that each person has a unique individual identity and the potential to develop fully. fe. -
Psychobiologists
study how the brain, the nervous system, hormones, and genetics influence our behavior. PET, CT, fMRI, and MEG/MSI scans are the tools used by psychobiologists.
