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Period: 1095 to 1567
Indulgences
They were a piece of paper from the Church that was supposed to reduce a person's time in purgatory & help them get to heaven faster. Luther disagreed with this, saying that buying indulgences had no impact on whether or not people would get into heaven
-Cause & SPE -
Period: 1300 to
Humanism
Challenged the Catholic Church by having the idea that the individual should think for him or herself in matters of faith, and the idea that the Bible should be produced in the languages of laypeople
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Period: 1478 to
The Inquisition
was a powerful office set up within the Catholic Church to root out & punish heresy throughout Europe & Americas
-Correlation & P -
1517
Martin Luther
He was a German theologian & religious reformer who was the catalyst of the 16th century Protestant Reformation. He is one of the most influential figures in the history of Christianity. He began the Protestant movement by rebelling against the authority of the Catholic Church
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Period: 1517 to
Timeline of the Reformation
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Period: 1517 to 1520
Printing Press
It helped Martin Luther by making it easier to pass his messages along to his followers & to the educated population of Europe
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Oct 31, 1517
95 Theses
They were all detailed opinions of Luther about the teachings of the Christian Scripture and practices of the Roman Catholic Church. They were posted on the doors of the church to teach the people coming into the church
-Cause & SPE -
1521
Pope Leo X
Was behind the Church and he encouraged indulgences while spending the donated money. His abuses of power were the tipping point for some already unhappy with excessive Church practices. Leo excommunicated Luther for voicing his opinion that was the 95 theses
-Cause & SPE -
1521
Diet of Worms
Was an imperial diet of the Holy Roman Empire, It was to determine how authorities should respond to Martin Luther's teachings
-Effect & P -
Period: 1521 to 1546
Martin Luther's Excommunication
He was excommunicated by the Catholic Church because he publicly burned the papal bull and refused to renounce his propositions. Where he later died from a stroke -
1527
Henry Vlll
The king replaced the Pope as the Head of the Church in England, causing a bitter divide between Catholics & Protestants
-Cause & SP -
1536
John Calvin
He was the leading French Protestant reformer and the most important figure in the second generation of the Protestant Reformation. The institutional & social patterns he worked out for General deeply influenced Protestantism, his influential "Institutes of the Christian Religion" stressed the doctrine of predestination
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1540
Jesuits
They established numerous schools & universities throughout Europe to carry out Catholic education and missionary work, that helped to maintain the relevance of the Catholic Church in secular & Protestant societies
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Period: 1545 to 1563
Council of Trent
was the 19th ecumenical council of the Catholic Church. It strove to define the doctrine of the Catholic Church & answer the arguments of members of the Protestant faith
-Effect & SP -
Sep 25, 1555
Peace of Augsburg
A treaty between Charles V & the forces of Lutheran princes that officially ended the religious struggle between them & allowed princes int he Holy Roman Empire to choose which religion would reign in their principality
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1559
Elizabeth l
The Act of Supremacy & Act of uniformity were passed by Parliament & approved by Queen Elizabeth. Together they are known as the "Elizabeth Settlement", which established her vision of Protestantism for the Church of England
-Effect & SP -
Aug 25, 1572
St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre
A Brutal Brawl between Protestants & Catholics that started by Catherine de' Medici plotting to kill Protestant Leaders around Paris
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Edict of Nantes
It effectively ended the French Wars of Religion by granting official tolerance to Protestantism
-Cause & SP