-
Corrupt Practices Reform
The Sherman Antitrust Act was passed by Congress in 1890, and was set in place to reform corrupt practices. The act prohibited all trusts and monopolies in restraint of trade. Trying to limit monopolies, progressives and American citizens demanded for this law to be put into effect. They wanted the government to regulate businesses.
Source: textbook and http://bit.ly/v9vim2
Picture: http://bit.ly/v9vim2 -
Jacob Riis
Jacob Riis, a social reformer and muckraker, described the harsh conditions of the tenement lifestyle in the book, How the Other Half Lives. He used photography as a tool to educate the public of the horrors of living in tenemet houses. Riis was supported by fellow reformers and progressives through his photographs and desire to improve the standards of city housing and lifestyle of the poor. Source: textbook
Picture: http://bit.ly/uKhmQk -
William Jennings Bryan
Bryan greatly influenced the progressive movement through his astonishing achievements. Through his notorious speech, "Cross of Gold", William Jennings Bryan voiced the concerns of Americans regarding government finances and problems that affected farmers and workers. Progressives backed Bryan's actions because they looked to limit monopolies, political corruption, and control currency issues.
Source: http://bit.ly/u89btl and http://bit.ly/un9tBn
Picture: http://bit.ly/sKzans -
Lawrence Veiller
Lawrence Veiller, a settlement-house worker, fought for improved living conditions, and in 1901 the New York State Tenement House Bill was passed. The bill forbade dark, airless tenements to be built. Progressives responded positively to this law because it meant better living conditions and updated housing. Source: textbook Picture: http://bit.ly/uo3pGi -
Exposure of Political Machines
Through McClure's publication of "Tweed Days in St. Louis", political machines like Boss Tweed in New York were compared with those from St. Louis. This article marked the start of muckracking, which played a large role in the expansion and popularity of progressivism. Source: textbook
Picture: http://bit.ly/tZkqby -
Enviromental Progressive Movement
T. Roosevelt realized that natural resources were limited in the United States so he passed the Newlands Reclamation Act. The law declared that money from public land sales would be put toward irrigation and reclamation. This later led to the National Conservation Commission to be established. This movement was supported by progressives because Roosevelt instituted national parks and wildlife sanctuaries, and prevented enviromental destruction. Source: textbook
Picture: http://bit.ly/tW -
Social Justice Reform
To aid to Social Justice Reform, Teddy Roosevelt elminated the laissez-faire idea that was popular with previous presidents, and acted on Anthracite Coal Strike. These action expanded the progressive movement because Roosevelt supported labor in the settlement of this strike, as well as increasing the powers of the executive branch and giving a voice to the American people.
Source: http://to.pbs.org/uWsjuM
Picture: http://bit.ly/vqWsfc -
Period: to
Trustbusting
T. Roosevelt passed trustbusting as a response to progressives complaining about trusts being bad for the public. Under this, the Elkins Act was passed in 1903 by Roosevelt's adminstartion. The law made it illegal for shippers to recieve rebates, or money given back to them in exchange for their business. Also, the Hepburn Act was set, for the Interstate Commerce Commission to regulate railroad rates and companies interested in the industry. Source: textbook
Picture: http://bit.ly/t48ToL -
Buisness Reform
In 1904 Teddy Roosevelt played a large role in business reform. Progressives supported him in the presidental election because Roosevelt worked to end monopolies for middle-class consumers and supported big business owners if they set fair conditions for their workers. He influenced the progressive era by helping the consumer and regulating businesses. Source: http://bit.ly/viOWoL Picture: http://bit.ly/rHJHKZ -
Ida Tarbell
Ida Tarbell, author of "History of the Standard Oil Company", showed unjust business practices of the Standard Oil Company. As a result of her work, the business was impeached. Tarbell was supported by reformers and progressives because they hoped to demolish corrupt business practices, and Tarbell's book helped to achieve that goal.
Source: textbook and http://bit.ly/tPVZQJ
Picture: http://bit.ly/tPVZQJ -
Teddy Roosevelt
Roosevelt's square deal became his slogan for his campaign. The Square Deal called for fair treatment for workers, businesses, and the general public. It limited the power of trusts, publicized public health safety, and worked to improve working conditions. The Square Deal was supported by progressives because unlike presidents in the Gilded Age, Roosevelt brought a "hands-on" approach to the progressive era. Source: textbook
Picture: http://bit.ly/uNeHVb -
Idustrial Workers of the World
Idustrial Workers of the World started in Chicago in 1905, was a union with a different approach than the American Federation of Labor. The IWW sought minorities as well as women for working positions. They recieved a vast amount of support from progressives because they helped unskilled workers and disregarded capitalism. Source: textbook
Picture: http://bit.ly/vKDbgx -
Robert La Follette
La Follette created the Wisconsin Idea which served as an example for reforming local and state governments, and sought to regulate major businesses. Additionally, La Follette limited the amounts of lobbying and supported labor legislation. He was supported by progressives because he was one of the most enthusiastic leaders and brought the middle class, working class, and farmers to progressivism. Source: textbook Picture: http://bit.ly/rRjhPP -
H.G.Wells
H.G. Wells was a writer from Great Britain, who sought to improve social reform measures through the Fabian Society and then wrote A Modern Utopia. This book expressed his ideas that ethical and intellectual people should take control in society. Wells advocated progressives' voices through his writing, and sought reform through A Modern Utopia. Source: http://bit.ly/E8Flm Picture: http://bit.ly/sRm4W5 -
Charles Evans Hughes
Charles Evans Hughes criticized and defeated William Randolph Hearst, and was a well-regognized leader for the progressive party. He established the Public Service Comission, and additionally, Hughes helped the insurance reforms and labor legislation.
Source and picture: http://bit.ly/rY0tnv -
Upton Sinclair
The Jungle, published by Upton Sinclair, criticized the industrial practices and unclean conditions of stockyards in Chicago. Additionally, it explained the unsanitary condition of meat packaging, and as a result of this publication, the Meat Inspectation Act was set in place. The Jungle was much appreciated by reformers and progressives because it allowed them to rectify unsanitary conditions as well as set laws against this cruelty. Source: textbook
Picture: http://bit.ly/udRr13 -
-
Urban Planning
Daniel Burnham, an architect, created an extraordinary plan to reconstruct the city of Chicago. Progressives believed that a clean, ordered city would be reflected in its citizens. It was the first plan to redisign a city in the United States. Expressing the visions of reformers, the design possesed a feeling of peace. Source: textbook Picture:Picture -
Jane Addams
Jane Addams was one of the most influential reforms, working for women's suffrage and the founder of the Hull House. In 1909, Addams along with Du Bois and several other progressives, founded the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People. This influeneced the progressive age because they fought to provide equal rights for African Americans. Source: textbook Picture: http://bit.ly/uKu4WH -
William Howard Taft
William Taft was a strong crusader for reform and insisted Congress to pass the Mann-Elkins Act in 1910. The act enabled the Interstate Commerce Act to have regulated power to telegraph companies. This later led to labor reforms and the creation of the Department of Labor. Taft's election and early achievements in office were supported by reformers because they led to the expansion of the progressive movement. Source: textbook Picture: http://bit.ly/uxB6oW -
Eugene Debs
Eugene Debs led the Socialist party which added to the development of the progressive era by supporting worker's control of the government and the public's ownership of large industries. Debs was very well-like by progressives and won 900,000 popular votes in the presidental election. Source: textbook Picture: http://bit.ly/vQBd8J -
Native American Progressives
The Society of American Indians, founded in 1911, was comprised of 50 middle-class Native Americans. The society faced issues that concerned Native Americans and sought to change the way they were viewed. Progressives supported the Society of American Indians because they wanted to elminate discrimination against minorities. Source: textbook
Picture: http://bit.ly/u5afOJ -
Woodrow Wilson
Woodrow Wilson won the 1912 presidental election and was a strong advocate for the progressive movement. He influeneced the era by his inagural address which he took pride in the progressive reform movement. Wilson won popularity within progressives by supporting the Federal Reserve Act, creating a three-level bank, and the Underwood Tariff Act, which dramatically decreased tariffs. Source: textbook Picture: http://bit.ly/sGu2Bv -
Hiram W. Johnson
Hiram Johnson, Govener of California, became Theodore Roosevelt's Vice President in 1912. Supported by social reformers and part of the Progressive Party, Johnson fought for industrial workers, child labor restrictions, and women's suffrage. All of these were pressing issues that were the beliefs of reformers in the progressive era. Source:http://bit.ly/pucViw
Picture: http://bit.ly/t5M7e9 -
Sixteenth Amendment
The 16th Amendment was orginally proposed in 1909, but not ratified until 1913. It called for a national tax that was based on one's income. The amendment made it possible to to help fund government programs justly. Additionally, the amendment was supported by progressives and Taft's administration because they had sought for a tax that would fairly support government reforms. Source: textbook and http://www.ourdocuments.gov/doc.php?flash=true&doc=57
Picture: http://www.google.com/imgres?q=six -
Seventeenth Amendment
The Seventeenth Amendment was passed on May 13, 1912 and ratified in 1913. It declared that voters could elect their senators directly. The Amendment was supported by progressives because it resulted in political bosses controlling the government, and it made reformers change the election process. Source: textbook and http://1.usa.gov/ckqNXR
Picture: http://bit.ly/tqHiwn -
Labor Reform
The American Federation of Labor was a labor organization made up of 2 million members that were progressives and labor reformers in 1914. Led by Samuel Gompers, they sought for fewer working hours, higher wages, and better sanitary sandards for skilled workers. Source: textbook Picture: http://bit.ly/vUbK8Q -
Madison Grant
Madison Grant, a critical progressive from New York, wrote The Passing of the Great Race in 1916. Unlike progressives who felt sympathy toward immigrants, Grant expressed severe views that discriminated Jews, African Americans, and southern and eastern european immigrants. While Grant supported certain reforms such as urban planning, he chastised immigrants for their unethical attitude. Source: textbook Picture: http://bit.ly/sfgolB -
Public Service Reform
The American Association for Organizing Charity was established to promote Public Service Reform. This association helped bring philanthropic societies together and supported charities in large cities as well as smaller cities. Progressives greatly admired and supported this association because it became a widespread movement across the country and changed many aspects of the lifestyles of Americans. Source: http://bit.ly/dUMGRy Picture:http://bit.ly/viughX -
Eighteenth Amendment
The Eighteenth Amendment was passed by Congress in 1917 and was ratified in 1919 by the states. The Amendment prohibited manufacture, selling, and importing alcohol. Progressives supported this law because they believed that abolishing saloons and alcohol, there would be less social issues. Sources: textbook Picture: http://bit.ly/u3xX2q -
Nineteenth Amendment
The Nineteenth Amendment was passed on June, 4th 1919 and was ratified in 1920. The Amendment gave women the full right to vote. The Nineteeth Amendment was supported by progressives because it aided women's suffrage and helped shape a more equitable society. Source: textbook and http://1.usa.gov/rPrGZk Picture: http://bit.ly/sCQUJA
