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The Original Sunday School
Being that working-class children had to work long hours Monday through Saturday of each week, Protestant denominations developed the initial Sunday Schools. Unlike the present-day religion-based Sunday Schools, these Sunday Schools focused on teaching the students reading, writing, counting, religion, and character information. http://www.christianitytoday.com/history/2008/august/when-did-sunday-schools-start.html -
The Common Schools
The common schools in the United States resulted from an extended effort to establish publicly-supported elementary and secondary schools and all of the controversies that surrounded their creation. Horace Mann is often referred to as the Father of the Common School. http://education.stateuniversity.com/pages/1871/Common-School-Movement.html -
The Fernald Center
Formerly known as the Experimental School for Teaching and Training Idiotic Children, this center was founded by Samuel Gridley Howe in 1848 to serve children with developmental disabilities and mental retardation. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walter_E._Fernald_Developmental_Center -
Massachusetts Compulsory Attendance Law
All parents with a child under their control between the ages of eight and fourteen years had to send their child to some public school within the town or city in which they resided, during at least twelve weeks in each and every year during which their child shall be under their control. Six weeks of were to be consecutive. A fine of $20 was charged for truancy. http://www.mhla.org/information/massdocuments/mglhistory.htm -
National Teachers Association
The National Teachers Association is formed in 1857 by 100 educators who answered the clarion call to unite as one collective voice to address the issues facing public education at that time. The name later changes to National Education Association (NEA). -
University of Michigan
In 1870, the University of Michigan admitted women for the first time. Madelon Stockwell was the first and only woman to be admitted that year, but 34 more women were admitted the following year in 1871. https://heritage.umich.edu/stories/the-first-women/ -
Carlisle Indian Industrial School
In 1879, the Carlisle School enrolled 147 students from various tribes such as the Sioux, Cherokee, Lakota, and Apache. The Carlisle School later came to average 1,200 students a year. The minimum age required for attendance at Carlisle was 14, and the term was for 5 years. Army Capt. Richard Henry Pratt, the school's founder, stated in a 1892 speech: “Kill the Indian in him, and save the man.” https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlisle_Indian_Industrial_School -
The Smith-Hughes Act
School attendance becomes compulsory in every U.S. state. In the secondary schools, students were trained in agriculture, trades and industries, commerce, and home economics. http://www.encyclopedia.com/sports-and-everyday-life/food-and-drink/food-and-cooking/smith-hughes-act -
Negro History Week
Black History Month began as “Negro History Week" in 1926. It was created by Carter G. Woodson who was a noted African American historian, scholar, educator, and publisher. It became a month-long celebration in 1976, and the month of February was chosen to coincide with the birthdays of Frederick Douglass and Abraham Lincoln. https://asalh100.org/origins-of-black-history-month/ -
Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka
The U.S. Supreme Court rules schools segregated by race are unequal and therefore unconstitutional.
