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Chicago, Burlington, and Quincy Railroad Company v. City of Chicago
The individuals were awarded compensation, while the railroad was awarded just one dollar. The railroad appealed the judgment, alleging that the condemnation deprived it of its property in violation of the Due Process clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. The Supreme Court of Illinois affirmed the judgment. -
Gitlow v. New York
Gitlow, a socialist, was arrested in 1919 for distributing a “Left Wing Manifesto" that called for the establishment of socialism through strikes and class action of any form. Gitlow was convicted under New York’s Criminal Anarchy Law, which punished advocating the overthrow of the government by force. The 14th amendment was incorporated with this case. -
Near v. Minnesota
In a Minneapolis newspaper called The Saturday Press, Jay Near and Howard Guilford accused local officials of being implicated with gangsters. Minnesota officials sought a permanent injunction against The Saturday Press on the grounds that it violated the Public Nuisance Law because it was malicious, scandalous, and defamatory. A principle rooted in the First Amendment's protection of freedom of the press. -
DeJonge v. Oregon
On July 27, 1934, at a meeting held by the Communist Party, Dirk De Jonge addressed the audience regarding jail conditions in the county and a maritime strike in progress in Portland. While the meeting was in progress, police raided it. De Jonge was arrested and charged with violating the State's criminal syndicalism statute. The first amendment was used in this argument during the court case. -
Cantwell v. Connecticut
Newton Cantwell and his sons, Jehovah's Witnesses, were proselytizing a predominantly Catholic neighborhood in Connecticut. They were travelling door-to-door and approaching people on the street. Two pedestrians reacted angrily to an anti-Catholic message. Cantwell and his sons were arrested and charged with: (1) violation of a Connecticut statute requiring solicitors to obtain a certificate before soliciting funds from the public, and (2) inciting a common-law breach of the peace. -
Everson v. Board of Education of the Township of Ewing
A New Jersey law authorized reimbursement by local school boards of the costs of transportation to and from schools, including private schools. 96% of the private schools who benefitted from this law were parochial Catholic schools. Arch R. The 1st amendment was used for this case. -
In re Oliver
In the landmark case of In re Oliver, decided by the U.S. Supreme Court on March 8, 1948, the Court established that the Sixth Amendment's right to a public trial applies to state criminal proceedings, reversing a Michigan Supreme Court decision that upheld a conviction determined by a one-man grand jury. -
Mapp v. Ohio
Dollree Mapp was convicted of possessing obscene materials after an admittedly illegal police search of her home for a fugitive. She appealed her conviction on the basis of freedom of expression. The 4th and 14th amendment was incorporated with this case. -
Robinson v. California
In Robinson v. California (1962), the Supreme Court ruled that the Eighth Amendment's prohibition against cruel and unusual punishment prevents states from criminalizing the status of being a drug addict, as opposed to criminalizing drug use or addiction-related actions.
Here's a more detailed explanation. A jury found defendant guilty under a California statute that criminalized being addicted to narcotics. -
Edwards v. South Carolina
187 black students were convicted in a magistrate's court of breach of the peace for peacefully assembling at the South Carolina State Government. Their purpose was to submit a protest of grievances to the citizens of South Carolina, and to the legislative bodies of South Carolina. During the course of the peaceful demonstration the police arrested the students after they did not obey an order to disperse. The 1st and the 14th amendment was used against this case. -
Gideon v. Wainwright
The landmark 1963 case Gideon v. Wainwright, the Supreme Court ruled that the Sixth Amendment's right to counsel applies to state courts, meaning states must provide attorneys to indigent defendants facing criminal charges. Gideon filed a habeas corpus petition in the Florida Supreme Court, arguing that the trial court's decision violated his constitutional right to be represented by counsel. The Florida Supreme Court denied habeas corpus relief. -
Ker v. California
Ker v. California, 374 U.S. 23, was a case before the United States Supreme Court, which incorporated the Fourth Amendment's protections against illegal search and seizure. The case was decided on June 10, 1963, by a vote of 5–4. -
Malloy v. Hogan
William Malloy was arrested during a gambling raid in 1959 by Hartford, Connecticut police. After pleading guilty to pool selling, a misdemeanor, he was sentenced to one year in jail and fined $500, but the sentence was suspended after 90 days and Malloy was placed on two years probation. The 5th amendment was used in this case. -
Pointer v. Texas
he police arrested Pointer and Lloyd Earl Dillard and took them before a state judge for a preliminary hearing; the state charged them with robbing Phillips of $375 by assault, violence, or by putting in fear of life or bodily injury, in violation of Texas law. An assistant attorney general conducted the prosecution and examined witnesses, but neither of the defendants had a lawyer. Dillard tried to cross-examine Phillips, but Pointer did not. The 6th Amendment was argued in the case. -
Klopfer v. North Carolina
Klopfer objected, arguing that the motion violated his Sixth Amendment right to a speedy trial, but the judge granted the state’s request. On appeal, the Supreme Court of North Carolina affirmed, holding that the right to a speedy trial does not include the right to compel the state to prosecute. -
Washington v. Texas
Following a jury trial, Jackie Washington was convicted of murder and sentenced to 50 years in prison. At trial, Washington alleged that Charles Fuller, already convicted for the same murder, actually shot the victim while Washington attempted to stop the shooting. The 6th amendment was incorporated with this case -
Duncan v. Louisiana
Gary Duncan, a black teenager in Louisiana, was found guilty of assaulting a white youth by allegedly slapping him on the elbow. Duncan was sentenced to 60 days in prison and fined $150. Duncan's request for a jury trial was denied. The Supreme Court ruled that the Sixth Amendment's right to a jury trial in criminal cases applies to state courts through the Fourteenth Amendment's Due Process Clause, meaning states must provide jury trials for serious offenses. -
Benton v. Maryland
Benton was charged with burglary and larceny in a Maryland court. A jury found him not guilty of larceny but guilty of burglary. He was sentenced to ten years in prison. He won his appeal on the grounds that the grand jury that indicted him and the petit jury that convicted him were selected unconstitutionally. The case was remanded and Benton chose to confront a new grand jury. It indicted him for larceny and burglary; the petit jury found him guilty of both charges. The 1st amendment was used. -
Schilb v. Kuebel
In Schilb v. Kuebel, a 1971 United States Supreme Court case, the Court ruled that an Illinois bail system, which retained a portion of the bail deposit even for those acquitted, did not violate the Equal Protection Clause of the U.S. Constitution. the Supreme Court upheld the Illinois bail system, finding that retaining a 1% charge for bail costs did not violate the Fourteenth Amendment's Equal Protection Clause. -
Rabe v. Washington
In the 1972 case Rabe v. Washington, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that a state's obscenity law violated the due process clause of the 14th Amendment because it failed to clearly define what conduct was prohibited, leading to a reversal of a drive-in theater manager's conviction. -
Argersinger v. Hamlin
Jon Argersinger was an indigent charged with carrying a concealed weapon, a misdemeanor in the State of Florida. The charge carried with it a maximum penalty of six months in jail and a $1,000 fine. During the bench trial in which he was convicted and sentenced to serve ninety days in jail, Argersinger was not represented by an attorney. The 14th Amendment was also used during this court case. -
McDonald v. Chicago
Several suits were filed against Chicago and Oak Park in Illinois challenging their gun bans after the Supreme Court issued its opinion in District of Columbia v. Heller. In that case, the Supreme Court held that a District of Columbia handgun ban violated the Second Amendment. There, the Court reasoned that the law in question was enacted under the authority of the federal government and, thus, the Second Amendment was applicable. -
Timbs v. Indiana
The state charged Timbs with two charges of felony dealing and one charge of conspiracy to commit theft. He later pleaded guilty to one charge of felony dealing and one charge of conspiracy to commit theft in exchange for the state dismissing the remaining charge. After accepting the plea, the trial court sentenced Timbs to six years, five of which were to be suspended. Timbs also agreed to pay fees and costs totaling approximately $1200. The 14th amendment was incorporated with this case.