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Period: May 23, 1568 to
The Eighty Years' War
The Eighty Years' War was a revolt of the Seventeen Provinces of what are today the Netherlands, Belgium and Luxembourg against Philip II of Spain and the sovereign of the Habsburg Netherlands. The Dutch Republic was recognised by Spain and the major European powers in 1609 at the start of the Twelve Years' Truce. Wars broke out again around 1619, as part of the Thirty Years' War. The end of the war was in 1648 with the Peace of Münster. -
Philip IV was born
Philip IV was the eldest child of Philip III and Margaret of Austria. -
The treaty of Antwerp
The Treaty of Antwerp, that started the Twelve Years' Truce, was a truce signed in Antwerp on 9 April 1609 between Spain and the Netherlands, creating lots of conflict during the Eighty Years' War. -
His first marriage
At the age of 10, in 1615 he married Elisabeth of france, who at the time was 13. They had 7 children together. -
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The Thirty Years' war
The Thirty Years' War was a conflict fought within the Holy Roman Empire from 1618 to 1648. It is considered one of the most destructive wars in European history. The conflict was between the catholics and the protestants. -
Philip IV acceeds to the throne
At 16 he acceded to the throne after his father's death. His father was Philip III of Spain. -
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His reign
He took over at 16, until his death. His reign lasted 44 years over Spain lasted 44 years, which is the longest one in the history of the house of Austria. -
The siege of Breda
The siege of Breda of 1624 until 1625 happened during the Eighty Years' War. The siege was in Breda, a Dutch fortified city, that was falling into the control of the Army of Flanders. -
The Union of Arms
The Union of Arms was a political proposal, put forward by Gaspar de Guzmán, for a better military co-operation between the parts ruled by Philip IV of Spain. The plan was for each of the kingdoms ruled by Philip, had to contribute equitably to a fund from which 140,000 troops would be maintained for the defense of the monarchy. -
His first bankruptcy
In 1627, the Castilian economy collapsed. The Spanish had been using their currency to pay for the war and prices exploded in Spain. The debts accumulated and they couldn't pay them off, which led to bankruptcy. -
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The War of the Mantuan Succesion
It was a conflict of the Thirty Years' War. It was caused by the death in of Vincenzo II, the last male heir in the direct line of the House of Gonzaga. The territories were important to control the Spanish Road, an overland route that helped Habsburg Spain move recruits and supplies from their Italian possessions to the armies in Flanders. For this, there was a war between France, who supported the French-born Duke of Nevers, and Spain, supported his cousin the Duke of Guastalla. -
The Battle in the Bay of Matanzas
The Battle in the Bay of Matanzas was a naval battle during the Eighty Years' War in which a Dutch squadron was able to defeat and capture a Spanish treasure fleet -
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Great Plague of Milan
Great Plague of Milan, was part of the Second plague pandemic that began with Black Death. It affected northern and central Italy and resulted in at least 280,000 deaths. It is thought to have started in Northern France in 1623, the plague was carried throughout Europe because of the troop movements associated with the Thirty Years' War and was brought to Lombardy in 1629 by soldiers that were in the War of the Mantuan Succession. -
The death of Ambrogio Spinola Doria
Ambrogio Spinola Doria, 1st Marquess of Los Balbases was an Italian condottiero who served as a Spanish general and won loads of important battles. He died on the 25th of September 1630. -
The Battle of Nördlingen
It took place during the Thirty Years' War. A Imperial-Spanish force won against the Swedish-German army. By 1634, the Swedes and their Protestant German allies occupied a great part of Southern Germany and blocked the Spanish Road. The Imperial army retook most of the Duchy of Württemberg and moved into the Rhineland, while Swedish Chancellor Axel Oxenstierna faced pressure from his domestic opponents to end the war. -
The Battle of the Downs
The Battle of the Downs took place on 21 October 1639, during the Eighty Years' War. It was a battle between the Spanish and Dutch naviesin the roadstead of the Dunes, near the coast of the county of Kent, in England. Their mission was to bring troops and money to Flanders -
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Catalan Revolt
The Reapers' War, also known as the Catalan Revolt was a conflict that affected a large part of the Principality of Catalonia between the years of 1640 and 1659. It had an enduring effect in the Treaty of the Pyrenees, which ceded the County of Roussillon and the northern half of the County of Cerdanya to France, and thereby receding the borders of Spain to the Pyrenees. -
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The Portuguese Restoration War
The Portuguese Restoration War was the war between Portugal and Spain that began with the Portuguese revolution of 1640 and ended with the Treaty of Lisbon in 1668, bringing a formal end to the Iberian Union. -
Battle of Montjuïc
The Battle of Montjuïc took place during the Reapers' War. A Spanish army launched an attack on the Catalan army, with French cavalry support. The Catalan rebels had taken up position on the heights of Montjuïc which controled the city of Barcelona. The Spanish attempted to capture Montjuïc Castle, but were stopped. Spanish troops were killed and the rest had to withdraw to Tarragona along the coast. -
The Battle of Honnecourt
The Battle of Honnecourt was a battle of the Thirty Years' War.The Spanish, led by Francisco de Melo, were victorious over the French under Antoine III de Gramont, Comte de Guiche. -
Battle of Rocroi
The Battle of Rocroi was a major war of the Thirty Years' War between a French army and Spanish forces under General Francisco de Melo. The battle is often considered to mark the end of Spanish military greatness and the beginning of French hegemony in Europe. It ended with French victory. -
The Battle of Montijo
The Battle of Montijo was between Portuguese and Spanish forces. Although the battle ended with a Portuguese victory, the Spanish saw it as a success because they claimed to have prevented Matias de Albuquerque from capturing Badajoz. -
His second bankruptcy
The second half of Philip's reign was marked by the bankruptcy declared in 1647, a demographic slump, epidemics, agricultural failures, inactive industries, and high taxation in Castile. -
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The Great Plague of Seville
The Great Plague of Seville was a massive outbreak of disease in Spain that killed up to a quarter of Seville's population. -
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The Neapolitan Republic
The Neapolitan Republic was a republic created in Naples, which lasted from 22 October 1647 to 5 April 1648. It began after the successful revolt led by Masaniello and Giulio Genoino against King Philip III and his viceroys. -
The Peace of Westphalia
The Peace of Westphalia is the collective name for two peace treaties signed in October 1648 in the Westphalian cities of Osnabrück and Münster. They ended the Thirty Years' War and Eighty Years' War. With this, there was peace in the Holy Roman Empire. -
The Peace of Münster
The Peace of Münster was a treaty between the Lords States General of the United Netherlands and the Spanish Crown, the terms of which were agreed on 30 January 1648. -
His second marriage
At age of 44 in 1649, Philip remarried, after the deaths of his first wife, Elisabeth and his only legitimate heir. His choice of his second wife, 14-year-old Maria Anna, also known as Mariana, his niece. -
Third bankruptcy
Spain went Bankrupt for the third time in 1653. -
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The Anglo-Spanish War
The Anglo-Spanish War was a war between the English Protectorate under Oliver Cromwell and Spain. It was caused by commercial rivalry. Each side attacked the other's commercial and colonial interests in ways such as naval expeditions. The war officially ended with two peace treaties which were signed at Madrid in 1667 and 1670. -
The Battle of Valenciennes
The Battle of Valenciennes was fought between the Spanish troops commanded by Don Juan José de Austria against the French troops under Marshal Henri de la Tour d'Auvergne. It was fought in the outskirts of the town in the Spanish Netherlands, during the Franco-Spanish War. -
The Battle of Dunkirk
The Battle of the Dunes, also known as the Battle of Dunkirk, was a major battle. It was a victory of the French army and their Commonwealth of England allies, over the Spanish army.The battle was part of the Franco-Spanish War and the Anglo-Spanish War. It was fought near Dunkirk a city on the coast of the English Channel that belonged to Habsburg Spain. The French army had laid siege to Dunkirk and the Spanish army was attempting to raise the siege. -
The Battle of the Lines of elvas
The Battle of the Lines of Elvas, was fought in Elvas, between Portugal and Spain during the Portuguese Restoration War. It ended in a decisive Portuguese victory. -
The Treaty of the Pyrenees
It ended the 1635 to 1659 Franco-Spanish war. Negotiations were done on Pheasant Island, on the border between the two countries, which has remained a French-Spanish province ever since. It was signed by Louis XIV of France and Philip IV of Spain. -
The fourth bankruptcy in Spain
The fourth bankruptcy was declared in 1662. -
Philip IV passed away
He died due to an infectious intestinal disease.
