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Woman's Christian Temperance Union
This union was led by Frances E. Willard; they advocated for total abstinence from alcohol. -
Interstate Commerce Act
The Interstate Commerce Act required railroad rates to be "reasonable and just". It also set up the Interstate Commerce Commission, which was the first federal regulatory agency. -
Sherman Antitrust Act
The Sherman Antitrust Act prohibited any "contract, combination, in the form of trust or otherwise, or conspiracy in restraint of trade or commerce". Roosevelt was the first president since the passage of the law to enforce it. -
"How the Other Half Lives"
This book was published by Jacob Riis; he published articles on tenement life. He was also one of the first photojournalists. -
Anti-Saloon League
The Anti-Saloon League became a very powerful political force. By 1916, it persuaded 21 states to close down all saloons and bars. -
Ida B. Wells
She was the editor of a black newspaper, "Memphis Free Speech"; she campaigned against lynching and Jim Crow laws. -
Eugene V. Debs
He was the American Railroad Union leader, and he directed railroad workers not to handle any trains with Pullman cars. -
National American Woman Suffrage Association
Carrie Chapman Catt was the new president of this association; she argued for the vote as a broadening of democracy. -
John Dewey
He was a leading American advocate of the new philosophy: people should take a practical approach to morals, ideals, and knowledge. -
Anthracite Coal Strikes
Many Americans feared that they would freeze to death, due to no coal. The miners wanted higher wages, shorter workdays, and the recognition of their union. Roosevelt solved the dispute, and the workers received 9 hour workdays and a 10% wage increase. -
Ida Tarbell
She wrote a series of articles, "The History of the Standard Oil Company". -
Lincoln Steffens
He wrote a series of muckraking articles, "Tweed Days in St. Louis". He also wrote a book, "The Shame of the Cities", which described corrupt deals. -
Square Deal Policy
President Roosevelt did not favor business or labor, but instead, he came up with something that was a Square Deal for both sides. His Square Deal Policy helped him win the 1904 election by a lot. -
Elkins Act
Because of this act, the Interstate Commerce Commission had greater power to stop railroads from granting rebates to favored customers. -
Department of Commerce and Labor
This United States department was concerned with controlling the excesses of big business. -
Robert La Follette
He was the Progressive governor of Wisconsin, and he introduced his state to a new system for bypassing politicians and placing the nominating process directly in the hands of the voters. -
Northern Securities Antitrust
Roosevelt wanted to crush a combination of railroads, which was known as the Northern Securities Company. -
Pure Food and Drug Act
Upton Sinclair's book, "The Jungle", caused Congress to enact two regulatory laws, with one of them being the Pure Food and Drug Act. This law forbade the manufacture, sale, and transportation of adulterated or mislabeled foods and drugs. -
Meat Inspection Act
This act ensured that federal inspectors visited meatpacking plants to ensure that they meet minimum standards of sanitation. -
"The Jungle"
This was a book by Upton Sinclair that described the horrible conditions in the Chicago stockyards and meatpacking industry. -
Triangle Shirtwaist Fire
The Triangle Shirtwaist Factory, located in New York City, had one of the deadliest industrial disasters in the history of the city. -
Progressive (Bull Moose) Party
This party was formed by Progressive Republicans, and they were also called the Bull Moose Party because Roosevelt claimed he was as strong as a bull moose. -
17th Amendment
The 17th Amendment required that all United States senators be elected by the popular vote. -
Underwood Tariff
The Underwood Tariff majorly lowered tariffs for the first time in over 50 years. However, the Underwood bill included a graduated income tax from one to six percent. -
Clayton Antitrust Act
This act strengthened the Sherman Antitrust Act for breaking up monopolies; it contained a clause exempting unions from being prosecuted as trusts. -
Federal Reserve Act
Ever since this act, Americans have purchases goods and services using dollar bills issued by the federally regulated banking system. -
Federal Trade Commission
The new regulatory agency was required to investigate and take action against any "unfair trade practice" in every industry except banking and transportation. -
Keating-Owen Child Labor Act
This act prohibited the shipment in interstate commerce of products manufactured by kids under the age of 14. In 1918, the Supreme Court ruled the act to be unconstitutional in Hammer v. Dagenhart. -
18th Amendment
This amendment declared the production, transport, and sale of alcohol illegal. -
19th Amendment
The 19th Amendment guaranteed women the right to vote in all elections, including local, state, and national. -
Margaret Sanger
The use of contraceptives for birth control was against the law in about all states. Margaret Sanger, who advocated for birth control, achieved growing acceptance in the twenties.
