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Wilmot Proviso
"The Wilmot Proviso was an unsuccessful 1846 proposal in the United States Congress to ban slavery in territory acquired from Mexico in the Mexican–American War.[1] The conflict over the Wilmot proviso was one of the major events leading to the American Civil War. "
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilmot_Proviso -
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Mexican-American war
"The Mexican–American War, also known in the United States as the Mexican War and in Mexico as the American intervention in Mexico, was an armed conflict between the United States of America and the United Mexican States (Mexico) from 1846 to 1848. It followed in the wake of the 1845 American annexation of the independent Republic of Texas."
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mexican–American_War -
Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
"The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo (Tratado de Guadalupe Hidalgo in Spanish), officially titled the Treaty of Peace, Friendship, Limits and Settlement between the United States of America and the Mexican Republic, is the peace treaty signed on February 2, 1848, in the Villa de Guadalupe Hidalgo (now a neighborhood of Mexico City) between the United States and Mexico that ended the Mexican–American War (1846–1848)."
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treaty_of_Guadalupe_Hidalgo -
Mexican Cession
"The Mexican Cession is the region in the modern-day southwestern United States that Mexico ceded to the U.S. in the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo in 1848 after the Mexican–American War. This region had not been part of the areas east of the Rio Grande which had been claimed by the Republic of Texas, though the Texas annexation resolution two years earlier had not specified the southern and western boundary of the new State of Texas."
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mexican_Cession -
Compromise of 1850
"The Compromise of 1850 was a package of five separate bills passed by the United States Congress in September 1850, which defused a four-year political confrontation between slave and free states on the status of territories acquired during the Mexican–American War (1846–1848)."
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compromise_of_1850 -
Fugitive Slave Law
"The Fugitive Slave Act or Fugitive Slave Law was passed by the United States Congress on September 18, 185o, as part of the Compromise of 1850 between Southern slave-holding interests and Northern Free-Soilers. It required that all escaped slaves, upon capture, be returned to their masters and that officials and citizens of free states had to cooperate."
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fugitive_Slave_Act_of_1850 -
Kanasas-Nebraska Act
"The Kansas–Nebraska Act of 1854 was an organic act passed by the 33rd U.S. Congress that created the territories of Kansas and Nebraska and was drafted by Democratic Senator Stephen A. Douglas of Illinois and President Franklin Pierce. The initial purpose of the Kansas–Nebraska Act was to open up thousands of new farms and make feasible a Midwestern Transcontinental Railroad."
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kansas–Nebraska_Act -
"Bleeding Kansas"
Bleeding Kansas, Bloody Kansas or the Border War was a series of violent civil confrontations in the United States between 1854 and 1861 which emerged from a political and ideological debate over the legality of slavery in the proposed state of Kansas.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bleeding_Kansas -
Dred Scott v. Sandford
"Dred Scott v. Sandford, 60 U.S. 393 (1857), also known as the Dred Scott case or Dred Scott decision, was a landmark decision by the United States Supreme Court on U.S. labor law and constitutional law. It held that "a negro, whose ancestors were imported into the US, and sold as slaves," whether enslaved or free, could not be an American citizen, and therefore had no standing to sue in federal court."
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dred_Scott_v._Sandford -
Lincoln-Douglas Debates
"The Lincoln–Douglas debates (also known as The Great Debates of 1858) were a series of seven debates between Abraham Lincoln, the Republican candidate for the United States Senate from Illinois, and incumbent Senator Stephen Douglas, the Democratic Party candidate. At the time, U.S. senators were elected by state legislatures; thus Lincoln and Douglas were trying for their respective parties to win control of the Illinois General Assembly."
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lincoln–Douglas_debates -
Raid of Harpers Ferry
"John Brown's raid on Harpers Ferry (also known as John Brown's raid or The raid on Harpers Ferry) was an effort by abolitionist John Brown to initiate an armed slave revolt in 1859 by taking over a United States arsenal at Harpers Ferry, Virginia. Brown's party of 22 was defeated by a company of U.S. Marines led by First Lieutenant Israel Greene. Colonel Robert E. Lee was in overall command of the operation to retake the arsenal."
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Brown's_raid_on_Harpers_Ferry -
Election of 1860
"The United States Presidential Election of 1860 was the nineteenth quadrennial presidential election to select the President and Vice President of the United States. The election was held on Tuesday, November 6, 1860. In a four-way contest, the Republican Party ticket of Abraham Lincoln and Hannibal Hamlin emerged triumphant. The election of Lincoln served as the primary catalyst of the American Civil War."
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1860_United_States_presidential_election -
Battle of Fort Sumter
"The Battle of Fort Sumter (April 12–13, 1861) was the bombardment of Fort Sumter near Charleston, South Carolina by the Confederate States Army, and the return gunfire and subsequent surrender by the United States Army that started the American Civil War."
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Fort_Sumter -
Battle of Antietam
The Battle of Antietam, also known as the Battle of Sharpsburg, particularly in the Southern United States, was a battle of the American Civil War, fought on September 17, 1862, between Confederate General Robert E. Lee's Army of Northern Virginia and Union General George B. McClellan's Army of the Potomac, near Sharpsburg, Maryland and Antietam Creek.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Antietam -
Emancipation Proclamation
"The Emancipation Proclamation was a presidential proclamation and executive order issued by United States President Abraham Lincoln on January 1, 1863. It changed the federal legal status of more than 3.5 million enslaved African Americans in the designated areas of the South from slave to free. As soon as a slave escaped the control of the Confederate government the former slave became free"
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emancipation_Proclamation -
Battle of Vicksburg
"Siege of Vicksburg. In a series of maneuvers, Union Maj. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant and his Army of the Tennessee crossed the Mississippi River and drove the Confederate Army of Mississippi, led by Lt. Gen. John C. Pemberton, into the defensive lines surrounding the fortress city of Vicksburg, Mississippi ."
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siege_of_Vicksburg -
Battle of Gettysburg
"The Battle of Gettysburg was fought July 1–3, 1863, in and around the town of Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, by Union and Confederate forces during the American Civil War. The battle involved the largest number of casualties of the entire war and is often described as the war's turning point."
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Gettysburg -
Election of 1864
"The United States presidential election of 1864, the 20th quadrennial presidential election, was held on Tuesday, November 8, 1864. In the midst of the American Civil War, incumbent President Abraham Lincoln of the National Union Party easily defeated the Democratic nominee, former General George B. McClellan, by a wide margin of 221-21 electoral votes, with 55% of the popular vote."
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1864_United_States_presidential_election -
Lincoln's Assassination
"Abraham Lincoln, the 16th President of the United States, was assassinated by well-known stage actor John Wilkes Booth on April 14, 1865, while attending the play Our American Cousin at Ford's Theatre in Washington, D.C. Shot in the head as he watched the play, Lincoln died the following day at 7:22 a.m., in the Petersen House opposite the theater."
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assassination_of_Abraham_Lincoln -
13th Ammendment
"The 13th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, ratified in 1865 in the aftermath of the Civil War, abolished slavery in the United States. The 13th Amendment states: “Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction.”"
www.history.com/topics/black-history/thirteenth-amendment -
Freedmen's Bureau
"The Freedmen’s Bureau, formally known as the Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen and Abandoned Lands, was established in 1865 by Congress to help millions of former black slaves and poor whites in the South in the aftermath of the Civil War.The Freedmen’s Bureau provided food, housing and medical aid, established schools and offered legal assistance. It also attempted to settle former slaves on land confiscated or abandoned during the war."
https://www.history.com/topics/black-history/freedmens-bureau -
Civil Rights Act of 1866
"The Civil Rights Act of 1866, 14 Stat. 27–30, enacted April 9, 1866, was the first United States federal law to define citizenship and affirm that all citizens are equally protected by the law."
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Civil_Rights_Act_of_1866 -
Military Reconstruction
"Military Reconstruction Act. 1. Johnson felt the Military Reconstruction Act was an "unconstitutional extension of federal power into areas of state jurisdiction.". 2. Johnson felt that despotism would occur when the army had authority over elected civil officials."
www.nps.gov/anjo/learn/historyculture/reconstruction-act.htm -
14th Amendment
"The 14th amendment was adopted in 1868, after the American Civil War, and addresses the equal protection and rights of former slaves. The 14th amendment limits the action of state and local officials. In addition to equal protection under the law to all citizens, the amendment also addresses what is called "due process", which prevents citizens from being illegally deprived of life, liberty, or property."
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fourteenth_Amendment_to_the_United_States -
15th Amendment
"The 15th Amendment to the Constitution granted African American men the right to vote by declaring that the "right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any state on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude."
www.loc.gov/rr/program/bib/ourdocs/15thamendment.html -
Election of 1876
"The United States presidential election of 1876 was the 23rd quadrennial presidential election, held on Tuesday, November 7, 1876. It was one of the most contentious and controversial presidential elections in American history, and is known for being the catalyst for the end of Reconstruction."
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1876_United_States_presidential_election -
Compromise of 1877
"Compromise of 1877, the End of Reconstruction: The Withdrawal of the Soldiers from the South. The Withdrawal of the federal Soldiers from the South followed the Compromise of 1877. President Rutherford Hayes recalled the troops, and all the Southern states at once passed into the control of the Democrats." www.american-historama.org/1866-1881-reconstruction-era/compromise-of-1877.htm