-
DECREASE OF INDUSTRIALIZED LABOR
Near the end of 19 century, American children were not required to participating in the labor force as much as they used do. As a result, the education became important to the society. Government and society put more expectation on children's education -
Rising Rates of maternal employment
Since World War II, the rates of maternal employment became increase. Mothers participated in the paid labor. As a result, this causes children during after school time without supervisions. -
After School Programs Protect Children Away From Dangerous Neighborhoods
Since 1960s, downtown city district became dangerous more and more. The neighbor would involved with drugs or even gang conflicts. This truth decided that parents looked for after school programs for protecting children. -
The First Federal School-care Organization
In 1990, the first federal school-care organization was built, which is Child Care Development Fund. The grant will be benefit to low-income family. The funds will be used for paying school-aged childcare. -
Growing Equity Gap
There are some research groups found that the equity gap that was the differences between low-income children and their higher income peers, which are academic support, healthy development, supervision and safety. Low-income children faced to the problem of unsafe and non-supervised environment. After-school programs basically rise up for ensuring the safe of low-income children and decrease the gap. -
The 21CCLCs
This legislation is the federal law for supporting after school programs. With the period of Clinton administration, the 21CCLCs' funding was increased. -
Growing Educational Needs
Based on the research, there are many types of educational needs for children such as parent monitoring, safe environment. However, the most important one is supervised. Children with self-care will have high risk of behavior problems, and they seldom have opportunities for academic learning. As a result, students need the educational adult-supervised to guide. -
Funding Journey Begin
In 1999, California government began to release the fist funding for after school programs. The fist funding is fifty million dollars. The first group cities were Sacramento, Oakland, San Francesco, San Jose, Los Angeles and San Diego -
Increasing of Funding in California
In 2002, California government realized the need fundings of after-school programs. So, they decided to raise up 120 million dollars into statewide after school programs. This process explored the fundings increasing trendy in California. -
Frozen of 21CCLCs
After Clinton administration, during Bush administration, the funding of 21 CCLCs was required to cut. However, the requested was refused by Senate Appropriation Committee. As a result, the funding level of 21CCLC funds has been frozen, due to the intervention of NCLB. -
Caucus on After School
In 2005, US government held a meeting about after school program. This meeting was focused on improving the awareness of American family the importance of after school programs. After this point, members of this caucus appealed to expand the funding of 21CCLCs. -
Support the 21CCLCs
Under the journey of Obama, they would rather to double the funding of 21CCLCs instead of cutting it. This idea promotes building more after school programs. At the same time, this idea will support No Child Left Behind policy. -
Funding Sources In California
There are 86% funding is from state only, which is After-School Education and Safety Program Act. There are 7% funding is from state and federal. There are 7% funding is from federal only. -
Challenge of California's after school system
During 2015 to 2016, researchers found that California after school systems is at risk. There are some factors causes this risk. For example, the funding problems and the increased spends on opening after school programs and teachers' salaries. At the same time, there are large amount of needs of after school education from California parents and children. -
Success of California After School Program
Today, by joining to after-school programs, students will be able to achieve following success 1. After-school programs can provide more learning chances and more opportunities for enrich students' daily lives. This help them meet the standards of states. 2. Students can easily access to healthy foods. It is necessary for students who from low-income to eat healthy meals. 3. After-school programs can offer nutrition and physical activities.
