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Japan
"Economic loss of trust with their people"
Japan invades Manchuria
China asks League of Nations to stop trade with Japan but it doesn't work -
America
FDR elected president (32nd) -
Nazi Germany
"Adolph Hitler, born in Austria, appointed chancellor of Weimar Republic and leader of Germany until his death by suicide in 1945. Once again an Austrian connection with Germany llike in World War 1. Repudiates Versailles Treaty. No overt responses from United States, France, Great Britain." -
Camps
" First concentration camp opened at Oranienburg outside Berlin."
- historyplace.com -
Anti-Jewish acts
"Nazi boycott of Jewish owned shops. May 10 - Nazis burn books in Germany. In June - Nazis open Dachau concentration camp. July 14 - Nazi Party declared Germany's only political party. October 14 - Germany quits the League of Nations."
HP -
Germany
Hitler seizes total control over Germany and creates his Nazi (National Socialist German Workers Party) dictatorship as well as a secret army -
Adolf rise to absolute power
"Nazis murder Austrian Chancellor Dollfuss. August 2 - German President Hindenburg dies. August 19 - Adolf Hitler becomes Führer of Germany." HP -
Jewish rights
"German Jews stripped of rights by Nuremberg Race Laws."
HP -
Hitler
"Hitler announces that French – Russian pact a threat to Germany." -
Great Britain
Great Britain "predisposed to appease Hitler in order to avoid war."
Neville Chamberline as PM -
Japan 2
Japan invades China -
Hitler and Austria
"Germany further breaches Versailles Treaty by marching troops into Austria to the acclamation of that country. Hitler announces that Germany will not pursue further expansion. Six months later demands that Czechoslovakia cede Sudetenland to Germany." -
Attempts to stop germany
Chamberlain meets with Hitler and agrees to giving Hitler Sudetenland if he stops expanding his territory. Great Britain, France and Italy sign thinking it would prevent any further war " March 12/13 - Germany announces 'Anschluss' (union) with Austria. August 12 - German military mobilizes." HP -
Jewish Germany
"Kristallnacht - The Night of Broken Glass." -
War
"Britain and France vow war if Poland is attacked by Germany." -
Poland invation
"Germany, under Nazi dictator Adolf Hitler, and the Soviet Russian Union, under Communist dictator Joseph Stalin, sign the Nonaggression Pact, which secretly accepts Germany’s plan to invade Poland." partition of poland
- national geographic
Hitler then invades Czechoslovakia. -
Hitler and Poland
Germany invades Poland from the west which creates a bigger problem. -
Declaration #1
"Great Britain and France declare war on Germany." -
Declaration #2
"South Africa declares war on Germany." -
Declaration #3
"Canada declares war on Germany." -
invasion #2
"Soviet Union invades Poland from the east." -
Assassination and murder
"Nazis begin euthanasia on sick and disabled in Germany. November 8, 1939 - Assassination attempt on Hitler fails. " -
Russia invading
"Soviet Union invades Finland." -
Germany and Italy
"Italy attacks Egypt (former British colony and still subject to British interests)."
Sept 20: Tripartite Pact signed by Germany, Italy, Japan.
Oct 28: Italy invades Greece -
Sighet 1
"the Nazis turned Sighet over to Hungary" -
German invasion
"Germany invades Norway and Denmark." -
Germany to France
"Germany repeats World War 1 strategy and attacks Holland and Belgium as a passage to France"
May 12: "Germany invades France." -
France
Paris falls and France surrenders June 22 -
Allies
"German ally, Italy, enters war." -
Germany to Britain
"Germany invades British islands in the English Channel." -
London Blitz
Germany begins to bomb England -
Britain and germany
"Roosevelt re-elected as U.S. president. November 10/11 - Torpedo bomber raid cripples the Italian fleet at Taranto, Italy. November 14/15 - Germans bomb Coventry, England. November 20, 1940 - Hungary joins the Axis Powers. November 22, 1940 - Greeks defeat the Italian 9th Army. November 23, 1940 - Romania joins the Axis Powers. December 9/10 - British begin a western desert offensive in North Africa against the Italians." -
Night 1
Wiesel meets Moishe the Beadle and begins to study the "Kabbalah" at age twelve -
Period: to
Night
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America
American revokes its neutrality acts and involves itself in the war -
Germany again
Germany invades Greece and Yugoslavia. -
Nazis against Jews
" Nazis order Jews to wear yellow stars. September 3, 1941 - First experimental use of gas chambers at Auschwitz. September 19, 1941 - Nazis take Kiev. September 29, 1941 - Nazis murder 33,771 Jews at Kiev." -
Germany turns on Russia
"Germans take Odessa. October 24, 1941 - Germans take Kharkov. October 30, 1941 - Germans reach Sevastopol. November 13, 1941 - British aircraft carrier Ark Royal is sunk off Gibraltar by a U-boat. November 20, 1941 - Germans take Rostov. November 27, 1941 - Soviet troops retake Rostov. December 5, 1941 - German attack on Moscow is abandoned. December 6, 1941 - Soviet Army launches a major counter-offensive around Moscow." -
America in the war
"Japanese air force attacks American interests In Hawaii at the time its ambassadors are negotiating for peace in Washington D.C." pearl harbor
Dec 8 : The United States declares war on Japan.
Dec 11: Germany and Italy declare war against the United States and the United States reciprocates in kind, thus concluding our timeline of causes of World War 2." -
America's role in the War
"Declaration of the United Nations signed by 26 Allied nations.
January 13, 1942 - Germans begin a U-boat offensive along east coast of USA.
January 20, 1942 - SS Leader Heydrich holds the Wannsee Conference to coordinate the "Final Solution of the Jewish Question."
January 21, 1942 - Rommel's counter-offensive from El Agheila begins.
January 26, 1942 - First American forces arrive in Great Britain.
In April - Japanese-Americans sent to relocation centers." -
Concentration camp treatment 1
Most camps had crematoriums and gas chambers They conducted pseudoscientific research on infants, twins, and dwarfs, and performed forced sterilizations, castrations, and hypothermia experiments on adults. Approximately 1.1 million Jews were deported to Auschwitz. meaning it was overcrowded. "The overcrowding in Auschwitz I forced basements and lofts into use as living quarters, as well." (jewishvirtuallibrary.org)
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Period: to
Concentration camps
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More jewish murders
"Mass murder of Jews by gassing begins at Auschwitz. June 4, 1942 - Heydrich dies of wounds." -
Night 2
Foreign jews expelled from Sighet including Moishe
Moishe escapes and comes back to warn the others of what he lived through. -
German surrender and rebellion
"Germans surrender at Stalingrad in the first big defeat of Hitler's armies.
April 19, 1943 - Waffen-SS attacks Jewish resistance in the Warsaw ghetto.
May 7, 1943 - Allies take Tunisia.
May 13, 1943 - German and Italian troops surrender in North Africa.
May 16, 1943 - Jewish resistance in the Warsaw Ghetto ends." -
Concentration camps 2
Prisoners slept in old barracks made of either wood or bricks "The barracks swarmed with various sorts of vermin and rats" People did not have enough water for washing or any sanitary facilities which made the camps dirty and unsanitary. -
Concentration camps 3
"Auschwitz prisoners with less physically demanding labor assignments received approximately 1,300 calories per day, while those engaged in hard labor received approximately 1,700" People recieved three meals a day, but was still too low to be considered healthy. This led to organic deterioration and exhaustion which both ended in death. Most days prisoners worked 10 hours. Labor was used to both benefit germans through cheap labor and increase death rates through exhaustion. -
Sighet 2
German soldiers occupied Sighet
They forced the Jews to wear yellow stars.
The Nazis closed Jewish stores, raided their houses and created two ghettos.
In May, deportations began. -
Night 3
Spring - People were optimistic and believed the war would end before it reached them.
The germans had reached sighet
Passover was celebrated in fear
Decree ordering all jews to wear the yellow star.
Ghettos in Sighet
Wiesel and family are moved to transports
Wiesel arrives to Auschwitz
Wiesel meets the french girl / is beaten
The young boy is hung -
More german surrenders
"Germans surrender in the Crimea. May 15, 1944 - Germans withdraw to the Adolf Hitler Line. May 25, 1944 - Germans retreat from Anzio." -
Failed assassination and liberation
"Assassination attempt by German Army officers against Hitler fails. July 24, 1944 - Soviet troops liberate first concentration camp at Majdanek." -
Anne Frank
"Anne Frank and family arrested by the Gestapo in Amsterdam, Holland." -
Attempts against Germany
"Resistance uprising in Paris.
August 19/20 - Soviet offensive in the Balkans begins with an attack on Romania.
August 20, 1944 - Allies encircle Germans in the Falaise Pocket.
August 25, 1944 - Liberation of Paris.
August 29, 1944 - Slovak uprising begins." -
Progress against germany
"Allies liberate Athens; Rommel commits suicide. October 21, 1944 - Massive German surrender at Aachen, Germany. October 30, 1944 - Last use of gas chambers at Auschwitz." -
Night 4
Wiesel and father go to Buchenwald
Wiesel and his father go through selection
winter - Wiesel goes to the infirmary for his foot
Their camp is being evacuated -
Night 5
Elie's father is sick and weak
His father's body is gone one day when he wakes up
Elie's father dies in early January
Elie is released from the camps
Elie eats too much, gets food poisoning and goes to the hospital
Elie looks in the mirror for the first time since being imprisoned -
Concentration camps 4
There was almost always daily executions Crematiorums, gas chambers, hangings, shootings, and starvation where used to kill prisoners, and anyone that tried to help them escape. Disease was an extra factor to the death rate that came with the living conditions. -
Hitler's suicide and it's affects
" Adolf Hitler commits suicide.
May 2, 1945 - German troops in Italy surrender.
May 7, 1945 - Unconditional surrender of all German forces to Allies.
May 8, 1945 - V-E (Victory in Europe) Day.
May 9, 1945 - Hermann Göring is captured by members of the U.S. 7th Army.
May 23, 1945 - SS-Reichsführer Himmler commits suicide; German High Command and Provisional Government imprisoned.
June 5, 1945 - Allies divide up Germany and Berlin and take over the government." -
UN and atomic bombs
" United Nations Charter is signed in San Francisco.
July 1, 1945 - American, British, and French troops move into Berlin.
July 16, 1945 - First U.S. atomic bomb test; Potsdam Conference begins." -
Atomic bombs and the end
"First atomic bomb dropped, on Hiroshima, Japan.
August 8, 1945 - Soviets declares war on Japan and invade Manchuria.
August 9, 1945 - Second atomic bomb dropped, on Nagasaki, Japan.
August 14, 1945 - Japanese agree to unconditional surrender.
September 2, 1945 - Japanese sign the surrender agreement; V-J (Victory over Japan) Day.
October 24, 1945 - United Nations is born." -
Punishment
" Nuremberg war crimes trials begin." -
Final suicide
"Hermann Göring commits suicide two hours before his scheduled execution." -
Camp Liberations
when released, many were in a state of starvation and disease
some described the arrival of a liberating army at what seemed like a hell on earth
germans tried to burn down evidence
auschwitz released in january 1945
soviet forces released most of the camps -
Camp Liberations 2
US liberated Buchenwald on April 11, 1945
liberators found personal belongings and many dead
many died after release because of disease and malnourishment
most camps were burned down to avoid epidemics -
Wiesel after the War 1
Wiesel attended school in France to pursue journalism
Published Night in 1960
Wrote dozens of other books as well -
Period: to
After the Camps
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Wiesel after the War 2
Married Marion Wiesel (Erster Rose) -
Wiesel after the War 3
1970s professor in the humanities at Boston University and Judaic studies at City University of New York
1978 appointed chair of the President’s commission on the Holocaust by Jimmy Carter -
Wiesel after the war 4
1986 Nobel Peace Prize Winner