-
Jan 1, 1491
Pre-Columbian Cultures
Native American women during this ime picked berries and made clothes for the villages and communities while men hunted buffalo and gathered supplies for the village. -
Jan 1, 1502
New Mixed Populations
As more Europeans colonized the Americas, new races emerged and evolving concpetions of race in Spanish and Portuguese societies. European men engaged in sexual reltions with Native women creating new mixed races such as Mestizos. -
Jan 1, 1512
Encomienda System
Before Europeans turned to African slaves for labor, the Spanish created the Encomienda System where native american men and women were forced to work under their control. -
House of Burgesses
The Virginia Company created a legislative body which was the first self-government created in the New World. People were allowed membership into this if they were appointed by Virginia Company or elected by land-owning males. Women were not given the right to participate in the governement. -
Anne Hutchinson
Anne Hutchinson studied the bible and encouraged people in individual study. Many ministers in the Massachusetts Bay Colony felt threatened because they did not want people to stop going to church. The loss of power was what they feared. They relocated her to Rhode Island. -
Salem Witch Trials
Many young girls began accusing people, mainly other women, of witchcraft. This time period coined the term Salem Witch Trials. Members of the community were falsely considered to be "witches" which brought much attention to religiou extremism. -
Republican Motherhood
Republican Motherhood was a term for women who were somewhat educated in order to educate their sons. The government wanted intelligent men to run America. This, again, serves as an example of womens role before, during, and after the American Revolution. -
Daughters of Liberty
The Daughters of Lliberty was a group that was formed for women to protest. They began making their own goods and clothing as a way of retaliation against the British taxes placed on the colonies. -
Abigail Adams
Abigail Adams was the First Lady of the United States. She wrote a letter to her husband, John Adams, after America gained its independence from Britain. In her letter, Remember the Ladies, she asked her husband to remember women's role when fighting for America's independence. John Adams did not take the letter seriously and believed women shoudl not have a large role in the government. -
Cult of Domesticity
The Cult of Domesticity was when some women began to take on the typical role of being a "housewife". The image of the ideal woman was enforced and women had to focus on being supportive instead of independent. -
Temperance Movement
Women moved to ban alcohol because they saw the problems that began to rise as result of it in their homes. This movement swept across the nation and brought attention to the attempts and things that women went through. They also participated in the abolition movement to end slavery. -
Seneca Falls Convention
The Seneca Falls Convention was the first women's rights convention. Led by Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Lucretia Mott, the convention called for suffrage and led to considerable amounts of public criticism. The Declaration of Sentiments was drafted and sought to bring to attention the fact that women deserved similar rights to men. -
Civil War-Working Woman
Women became heads of households s a result of husbands death or absence due to war. The Civil War opened doors for women to work outside of the home and earn their own money. Women began working in factories, fields, as nurses, and volunteers in hospitals. -
15th Amendment
This amendment gave voting rights to African American males. Women were still denied the right to vote. Women are beginning to ask for equality in all aspects of life including gender, race, and sexual preference. -
Clara Barton
Clara Barton was a notable nurse during the Civil War. She, and other women, helped perform many amputations and blood transfusions to injured soldiers. Barton later founded the American Red Cross which served to provide emergency assistance, disaster relief, and education in the United States. -
Jane Addams
Jane Addams founded Hull House in Chicago, Illinois. These settlement houses were established to provide aid to women, immigrants, and children. -
Women of the Industrial Age
During this time, women became more independent. They were getting married at a later age and had fewer children. Divorce became more common. Although many efforts to accomplish equality amongst genders were progressing, women still had no voice in politics. Women from WCTU were breaking off into women's suffrage organizations, one being NAWSA (National Women's Ssuffrage Association) founded by Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony. -
Carrie Nation
Carrie Nation worked with the Women's Christian Temperance Movement to prohibit the distribution and consumption of alcohol. She was inspired by the death of her alcoholic husband, This led her to travel around the United States smashing bars with her hatchet. -
Tarbell Exposes Standard Oil
Tarbell published a series of articles in a magazine exposing the disgusting whereabouts of the Standard Oil Company. The accumulation of her articles led to the publishing of the "History of Standard Oil Company". Her work contributed to the company being broken up after being declared a monopoly. -
Triangle Shirtwaist Fire
This industrial disaster led to the deaths of over 146 women workers and children who either died from the fire or from jumping out of the building. This caused laws to be passed that sought to improve working environments and safety precautions. -
Women's Suffrage
Alice Paul and Lucy Burns organized NWP (National Women's Party) by protesting in fron the White House. Alice Paul amongst other protestors were arrested for obstruction traffic. During their imprisonment, they faced harsh punishment such as being force fed. -
Planned Parenthood
Margaret Sanger educated the poor class about the benefits of family planning through birth control. Her organization became known as Planned Parenthood. -
19th amendment
Overtime, women continuously tried to achieve their goal of recieving their right to vote. Eventually, in 1920, the 19th amendment was passed which gave women the right to vote. -
The New Woman
During the 1920's, women began wearing more revealing clothings than before such as above the knee and waistless dresses. These women were known as flappers and they would act in a way the traditional women would dissapprove of. They drank alcohol and behaved the way men behaved. -
1920 Working Woman
Women were now wokring as nurses, teachers, and librarians. Some worked in big businesses as secretaries and typists. Birth rates continued to decrease and divorce rates doubled in number. -
Eleanor Roosevelt
Eleanor Roosevelt served as First Lady of the United States during President Franklin D, Roosevelt's presidency. She was the face of his term due to him being confined to his wheel chair because of his terminal illness. Eleanor also became the symbol for women's activism. -
Rosie the Riveter
The beginning of World War II led to an increase of women working in factories. Rosie the Riveter was a campaign used by the govenrment to encourage women to work in industries during the war. Over 65% of industry workers were women at this time. -
Baby Boom
After World War II, American soldiers returned home. Over 4.3 million babies were born every year. The increase in the population led many new families to travel to the subrubs which led to the creation of levittowns. Women were expected to play the role of a domesticated wife. -
Rosa Parks
The arrest of Rosa Parks sparked the Montgomery Bus Boycott. She was arrested because she refused to give up her seat to a white man. She was an African American civil rights activist and for many months, African Americans refused to ride buses in Montgomery after she did. -
Ruby Goes to School
During the Civi Rights movement, the parents of Ruby Bridges volunteered her to be the first of six African American children to desegregate an all-white elementary school in New Orleans. Brave Ruby, walked throught a crowd of white racists throwing objects at her as she entered into the school for the first time. -
The Challenger
On January 28, 1986, a NASA space shuttle, exploded soon after take off. In the space shuttle were two women, one including Christa McAulife, the first teacher to serve as an astronaut. -
Embryos
Stem Cell research was made possible through the use of a woman's embyo. It was used to help find ways to cure many diseases.
