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Period: 650 BCE to
spontaneous generation
Spontaneous generation is a theory by which living organisms develop from Non living organisms.
Many inventers believed in Spontaneous Generation until Louis Pasteur disproved that theory in 19th Century -
610 BCE
Anaximander
First Philosopher known to record studies.
Created Aperion (Spontaneous Generation) in the 6th Century (610 B.C)
He believed that water and Aperion create life. -
526 BCE
Anaximenes
First recorded theory of change, supported by hypothesis.
Continued Aperion, stating Air in various forms mixed with Ape iron and other materials that caused Spontaneous Generation. -
500 BCE
Anaxagorus
478 B.C - First proper recording of how eclipses work.
Departed from Apeiron, supporting Spontaneous Generation
Argued all things existed from the beginning of time,
Every living thing is made up of every other living thing but itself. -
350 BCE
Aristotle
(350 B.C) Aristotle wrote a book called "On the Generation of Animals" which contains theory of Spontaneous Generation.
Believed Rain and other matter created life. -
35 BCE
Virtuvius
In 35 B.C he wrote De Architectura known today as the 10 books of Architecture.
Wrote that libraries were built facing South or West would birth worms.
In 40 BCE, invented the idea that all buildings should have three attributes: meaning: strength, utility, and beauty -
29 BCE
Virgil
In 29 B.C Virgil wrote Georgics ( Published book 4)
Explores Begonia- the rebirth of spontaneously occurring in the carcass of a dead ox.
Virgil wrote 3 of the most famous poems in Latin History
The Aeneid is widely considered Virgil's finest work and one of the most important poems in the history of Western literature (29–19 BC) -
1187
Gerald of Wales
Gerald wrote a book called Topographia Hibernica in 1187, in the book it claimed that Barnacle Geese evolved from fish through Spontaneous Generation and are being classified as fish.
He is best known for his four works relating to the history, geography, and culture of Ireland and Wales.
His work was dedicated to King Henry II in 1187, -
Zacharias Janssen
Zacharias Janssen is associated with the invention of the Optical telescope in the year 1590
1590 Zacharias discovered that when put a lens at the top and bottom of a tube and looked through it, objects on the other end became magnified therefore he invented the very first microscope called the Compound Microscope -
Compound Microscope
1590- Zacharias Janssen is credited for the invention of the Compound Microscope by placing 2 lenses in a tube. -
Period: to
Miroscopes
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Francesco Redi
1668 In one one of the first biological experiments, Francesco Redi was able to disprove the theory that maggots could be spontaneously generated from meat using a controlled experiment -
Period: to
Understanding Of Life
1668- Redi created an experiment to generate maggots by placing meat into two different jars.
1750 - Needham presented his theory of Spontaneous Generation (Life from Organic Matter) Challenged Redi's findings
Louis Pasteur disproved Spontaneous generation though his experiment with the swan flask next experiment he proved killing any micro organisms present. -
Anton Van Leewenhoert
1670- Became the first man to observe sperm cells in human and dog fluid.
1674- Discovered Protozoa ( Single celled organisms)
1676- He discovered the first bacteria ( Observed water closely, saw tiny organisms)
1683- described animalcules. -
Pier Antonio Micheli
In 1729 Pier placed spores on a piece of melon the same type fungi was produced. and realized it wasn't generated from spontaneous Generation. -
Lazzaro Spallanzani
1768- Lazzaro constructed his own experiment by placing broth into two separate bottles and boiling them proving microorganisms could be killed. this did not generate Spontaneous Generation. -
Joseph Jackson Lister
1830- Joseph Jackson Lister used several weak lenses at a certain distance which gave him good magnification without burring the image.
Development of the lenses for the microscope. -
Frits Zernike
1932- Zernike invented the Phase contrast Microscope that allows the study of transparent and colorless materials. -
Scanning tunneling Microscope
1981 - Gerd Binnig and Heinrich Rohrer Invent the Scanning tunneling microscope that gives 3 dimensional images.