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Middle East Timeline
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Abdul Hamid I
Abdul took the reign of the ottoman empire and is known for fighting against the russians. He was forced into this battle, lost a huge battle, and was forced to sign a treaty. This was a humiliating defeat for the Ottomans. Pic:
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0f/TurkischeHauptArmeeHochenleitterBGHistory.jpg -
Muhammad Ali governs Egypt
Muhammad Ali took control of Egypt and became its leader. By doing this he was able to reform it into a "modern" society that would have the imperialistic navies and armies. He would further his control by militarial conquests and they kept this all up by their exports. Pic: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d9/Mouhamed_ali_army%26navy.jpg -
Greek Independence
The Greece revolution was important to the middle east, even though its not PART of the middle east, because it was a major part of the Ottoman Empire. Greece began to revolt because of their oppresiveness and the fact that they had all of Europe pretty much willing to help. The Ottomans were now up against many militarial mights, and would lose because they only had the help of their vassals such as Egypt and other territories. Pic: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/ce/Epanastas -
Janissary corps disolved
The Janissary Corps was dissolved due to them constantly demanding and having to much influence in the government. They would be able to minipulate the government and get anything they wanted out of them. This led the Sultans to always try to disband the Jannisaries but the janisarries would revolt and regain their rights. That was until 1826 when the army was killed and the Sultans new army set their barracks ablaze. Pic: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c3/Battle_of_Vienna.Sul -
Decline of the Ottomans
During the 1800's the ottoman empire began to stagnate. After this stagnation period, there were spouts of rebellions and people rising up against the empire. The empire was not ready for this, and their failure to industrialize brought about this "end" to themselves. Their systems of paying people in land became obsolete. This lead to failures throughout the empire and the eventualy fall of them. Picture: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7c/Ottoman-Empire-Public-Demo.png -
Nizam Cedid army Created
The Sultaim Selim III began the new army after the fall of the Janissaries. He began training this new "modern" unit to be as good as the old Janissaries and he was able to accomplish this. This new army was equipped to be VERY similar to European styles and even had the same trainers as other armies. pic: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/93/OttomanMilitaryMiddleEast.jpg -
Ottoman MIlitary revamped
As time passed, they would begin sending regiments into France and most of Europe. This lead to the Regiments becoming elitely trained and even better in combat than that of the Janisarries. This new type of army was a step towards modernization, a movement they resisted for a long time. Pic: http://www.learningpracticalturkish.com/selim-iii-observes-his-nezim-i-cedid-unit.jpg -
Tanzimat Reforms
The Ottomans attempted to reform their country to keep it in tact. They saw the slow decline of their empire and tried to take the correct steps, or atleast the steps in the right direction, to attempt to fix the issue. The sultans began coming up with ideas to give the people more rights and to stop corruption. This eventually lead to the scholars gaining a lot more rights and furthering the country more before its eventual failure. Pic:
http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_DqslXFkGXkY/TPvuZRnEEbI/AAAAAA -
Final Years of the Egyptian Rule
Britain and other countries were beginning to force the empire in Egypt to stop its trade monopolies. They were forcing, and demanding that they pay more to them. But the empire was to far in dept and the royal family was beginning to die. This was a decline in Egypt and eventually lead to the fall of the Egyptian government. Pic: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1d/Mohammed-ali-basha-mosque.jpg -
Crimean War
The Crimean war was fought between the Russians and an alliance of European powers, and the Ottomans. The Ottomans were forced into this war by the Sultans failure to guard holy sites in the area. Nicholas, ruler of Russia, was able to declare war on the Ottomans, but the rest of the people would join in in their defense. Pic: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2e/Panorama_dentro.JPG
