MicroBio Scientists

By Katecandacemorgan
  • Period: 1300 BCE to

    Spontaneous Generation

    The belief that microorganisms and small animals such as mice, flies, and toads could be ‘born’ of nonliving matter.
  • 1200 BCE

    Asclepius (Spontaneous Generation)

    Greek physician who became known as the god of medicine. His “rod” which is the medical symbol of today is believed to be a representation of the classical method to remove the guinea worm. (Spontaneous Generation Believer)
  • 1500

    China (Spontaneous Gen)

    Chinese monks used an early vaccination method against smallpox. (Spontaneous Gen)

  • Robert Hooke (Spontaneous Gen)

    Discovered life was composed of small boxes he dubbed “cells” by using a rudimentary microscope.

  • Francesco Redi (Biogenesis)

    Set up an experiment to disprove Spontaneous Generation with flies and three jars. One was open. Another was completely sealed. The last was covered with gauze.
  • Period: to

    Anton van Leeuwenhoek (Spontaneous Gen)

    Observed the first living microorganisms and recorded detailed drawings.

  • John Needham (Spontaneous Gen)

    Strengthened belief in spontaneous generation with his experiment involving flasks with broth that grew microbes.

  • Edward Jenner (Spontaneous Gen)

    Helped develop the process of vaccination through his tests to immunize smallpox by using cow pox, a similar but weaker virus.

  • Agastino Bassi (Spontaneous Gen)

    Showed that a silkworm disease was caused by a protozoan.
  • Period: to

    Matthias Schlieden, Theodore Schwann, and Rudoplh Virchow (Biogenesis)

    Proposed cell theory. (Biogenesis)

  • Ignaz Semmelweis (Biogenesis)

    Demonstrated that unwashed hands of physicians helped spread disease.

  • Louis Pasteur (Biogenesis)

    Discovered the source of Fermentation was anerobic bacteria.
  • Period: to

    The First Golden Age of Microbiology

  • Rudolf Virchow (Biogenesis)

    Developed the hypothesis that was later proven correct which stated that living cells can only come from other living cells.

  • Louis Pasteur (Biogenesis)

    Using a Swan neck flask experiment he proved spontaneous generation false.

  • Louis Pasteur (Biogenesis)

    Developed the process of pasteurization which is used for the longevity of beer, milk, etc..

  • Louis Pasteur (Biogenesis)

    Found that a protozoan caused another silkworm disease.
  • Period: to

    Gregor Mendel (Biogenesis)

    Conducted his famous pea plant experiments that established a bases for modern genetics. Source: https://www1.villanova.edu/villanova/president/university_events/mendelmedal/aboutmendel.html

  • Joseph Lister (Biogenesis)

    First to use phenol solution on surgical wounds to decrease infection and death during/ after surgery.

  • Robert Koch (Biogenesis)

    First to publicly prove that bacteria caused disease with his anthrax experiments.

  • Petri (Biogenesis)

    Petri Dish

  • Demitri Iwanowski (Biogenesis)

    Found that a disease-causing organism harming tobacco was so small it could pass through filters known to catch the smallest bacteria. Later this disease was name tobacco mosaic virus (TMV).

  • Paul Ehrlich (Biogenesis)

    Made the first revolutionary step in chemotherapy with Salvarsan, a arsenic derivative, chemotherapeutic agent effective against syphilis.

  • Alexander Fleming (Biogenesis)

    Accidently discovered the first antibiotic, Penicillin, from the fungus Penicillin chrysogenum.

  • 1930s

    Several other synthetic drugs were discovered (E.g. Sulfonamide antimicrobial)

  • Rebecca Lancefield (Biogenesis)

    Set a new standard for classification with her discovery of differences in chemical composition of cell walls.

  • Wendell Stanley (Biogenesis)

    Demonstrated that TMV was not a bacterium but a virus.

  • Chain and Florey (Biogenesis)

    Isolated and raised awareness of Penicillin.

  • George W. Beadle and Edward L. Tateum (Biogenesis)

    “Demonstrated the relationship between genes and enzymes.” From the textbook

  • Oswald Avery, Colin McLeod, and Maclyn McCarty

    Established that DNA was the source of inheritance/ hereditary. (Biogenesis)
  • Period: to

    Second Golden Age of Microbiology

  • James Watson and Francis Crick (Biogenesis)

    Introduced the double helix model of DNA.

  • 1960

    Interferons were discovered.

  • Paul Berg (Biogenesis)

    Was the first to produce Recombinant DNA, human or animal DNA introduced into bacteria.

  • Francois Jacob and Jacques Monod (Biogenesis)

    Discovered RNA.

  • Sanger and Gilbert (Biogenesis)

    Developed the technique for sequencing DNA.
  • Period: to

    Third Golden Age of Microbiology

  • Source for all events

    Microbiology an Introduction textbook:
    https://plus.pearson.com/courses/yarbrough24189/products/3DBBMOLFWWY/pages/aa482857708b00982503164f134591cc0e9c7f021-id_toc2?locale=&key=30241168791459308840202024