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Zacharias Janssen
Zacharias Janssen (died in1631) contributed much to inventing the compound microscope when it could be studied not only the items as wide as human hair but a new world of living tiny things in the water, food, and even under our nose. -
Zacharias Janssen
Zacharias Janssen and his father invented the first compound microscope. They put a lens at the top and bottom of a tube and looked through it, objects on the other end became magnified. -
Antony van Leeuwenhoek
A Dutch scientist (1632 -1723) is known as the father of microbiology for his pioneering microscopes and discovery of microbes. By the time of his death, he had created at least 25 single-lens microscopes. -
Protists
Antonie van Leeuwenhoek used single-lens microscopes, which he made, to make the first observations of bacteria and protozoa. His extensive research on the growth of small animals such as fleas, mussels, and eels helped disprove the theory of spontaneous generation of life. -
Antony van Leeuwenhoek
He discovered tiny organisms inhabited in water and referred to them as Animalculum or tiny animals. He became the first person to observe and document the microscopic view of bacteria, red blood cells, muscle fibers. -
Edward Jenne
English surgeon and discoverer of vaccination for smallpox. Edward Jenne (1749-1823) carried out his famous experiment on an eight-year-old boy by inserting pus taken from a cowpox pustule onto the boy's arm. Jenner proved that having been vaccinated with cowpox the boy was immune to smallpox. Jenner had experimented on several other children including his son before 1798 when the results were finally recognized and published. -
Smallpox
Smallpox virus is among the oldest that infected humans. -
John Snow
John Snow (1813-1858) was a physician and anesthesiologist in London considered having been “the father of field epidemiology” spent several decades studying cholera in a systematic way. He is most often credited with solving an outbreak of cholera that occurred in London in 1854. Snow conducted studies of cholera outbreaks both to discover the cause of the disease and to prevent its recurrence. -
John Snow
After careful investigation of plotting cases of cholera on a map of the area, Snow identified a water pump in Broad Street as the source of the disease. He had the handle of the pump removed, and cases of cholera immediately began to diminish. -
Dmitri Ivanovsky & Martinus Beijerinck
Two scientists contributed to the discovery of the first virus called the Tobacco mosaic virus. In 1892, Dmitri Ivanovsky used one of the filters to show that sap from a diseased tobacco plant remained infectious to healthy tobacco plants despite having been filtered. Martinus Beijerinck called the filtered, infectious substance a "virus" and this discovery is considered to be the beginning of virology. -
Tobacco mosaic virus
The tobacco mosaic virus is a positive-sense single-stranded RNA virus species in the genus that infects a wide range of plants especially tobacco. The infection causes characteristic patterns, such as "mosaic"- like mottling and discoloration on the leaves. -
Walter Reed
Walter Reed (1851-1902), a U.S. Army pathologist and bacteriologist who led the experiments that proved that yellow fever is transmitted by the bite of a mosquito. In a series of experiments, beginning in June 1900, the Reed Commission eventually proved that yellow fever was spread not by poor sanitation, but by female Aedes Aegypti mosquitoes, which carried the virus from person to person with their bites. -
Walter Reed
In a series of experiments, the Reed Commission proved that yellow fever was spread not by poor sanitation, but by female Aedes Aegypti mosquitoes, which carried the virus from person to person with their bites. -
Alexander Fleming
Sir Alexander Fleming (1881-1955), a Scottish bacteriologist best known for his discovery of penicillin. He is credited with discovering the world’s first effective antibiotic substance called penicillin.
Benefits -
Penicillin discovery
Alexander Fleming's discovery led to the introduction of antibiotics that greatly reduced the number of deaths from infection. The miracle drug greatly weakens the cell wall and causes bacteria to die, allowing a person to recover from a bacterial infection. -
Gonzalo Moratorio
A virologist aided Uruguay’s successful response to the new coronavirus. Moratoria helped Uruguay evade the worst consequences of the pandemic. The scientist and his colleagues designed a coronavirus test in a simple and sufficient kit that was used successfully in Latin America. Uruguay continues to record one of the world’s lowest death tolls. -
Gonzalo Moratorio
The test expands access to COVID-19 diagnosis. The diagnostic application is free for the entire population that requires this study after medical indication.
