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The First Vaccination
The deliverable was the first Smallpox vaccine and was developed by Dr Edward Jenner. It was unique as no one else in the world had developed any form of vaccine before. It was temporary as he decided he would only trial his theory on 12 people before publishing his work. This project was planned by Dr Jenner as he watched Cowpox infected Milkmaids in his town remain immune from smallpox.
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The First Stethoscope
The deliverable was the first stethoscope developed by Rene Leannec. It was a planned invention because he felt uncomfortable with putting his ear against the chest of a women. He got a hollow stick (inspired by playing schoolchildren) and was surprised to find that he could hear the heart much clearer. It was unique because it was the first device used to listen to heartbeats. It was temporary because he invented it in 1816 and he presented it in 1819.
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The First Successful Human-to-Human Blood Transfusion.
The deliverable was to transfuse blood from one human to another. Dr James Blundell had a patient who had experienced severe bleeding during child birth, it was unique as this was the first human-to-human transfusion. It was temporary because he transfused 4 ounces of blood. This project was planned as Dr Blundell followed a methodology, identified a donor, and only needed a certain amount of blood.
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The First Contact Lenses
The deliverables were the first contact lenses developed and fitted by the German ophthalmologist Adolf Fick. It was planned as he wanted to develop the Astronomer John Herschels idea of creating a mould of a persons eye to correct eyesight. The contact lenses were unique as they were the first fitted to a human eye and it was temporary as they were first sold in 1888.
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The First Dialysis Machine
The deliverable was the first dialysis machine that could help clean the blood for people who had kidney failure. It is unique because no one else had created a machine or technique to clean the blood before. It was temporary because it had a start date, 1938 and an end date, 1943. It was planned by Willem Kolff after he witnessed a man die of renal failure in 1938.
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The First Birth Control Pill
The deliverable was the first birth control pill, invented by Dr. Pincus. It was planned, as the birth control activist Margaret Sanger was the driven force behind the research and she encouraged philanthropist Katherine McCormick to provide funding to biologist Dr. Pincus for his research. It was unique, as it was the first birth control pill and temporary as there were the first trials on women in 1954.
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The First Implantable Cardiac Pacemaker
The deliverable is the first implantable cardiac pacemaker developed by Wilson Greatbatch. It was a planned invention as he was experimenting with a heart-rhythm recorded and added a stronger battery to create electrical pulses. It was unique as it was the first implantable device, and temporary because he finished the experiment in 1956.
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The First CAT-Scanner
The deliverable was the first CAT-scanner developed by Godfrey Hounsfield and Allan Cormack. It was a planned invention as Hounsfield was looking to take pictures of living organism in 3D. The process of taking the X-beams took a long time, so Cormack improved the device. It was unique because taking pictures from different angles was not done yet before their invention. It was temporary since the findings were published in 1957.
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The First Bionic Arm
The deliverable was the first bionic arm, or Edinburgh Modular Arm System (EMAS), and was developed by Dr. David Gows. It was planned, as Dr. Gow and his team wanted to improve ordinary arm prosthetic and fit it to Campbell Aird, who lost his arm through muscular cancer. It was unique, as the EMAS was the first to have a powered shoulder, elbow, wrist and fingers and it was temporary as it was fittet to Aird in 1993.
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The First Telesurgery
The deliverable was the first remote surgery undertaken in 2001. The patient was in France and her surgeons were in New York. It was unique because no one else in the world had completed any form of full robotic Telesurgery before. It was temporary as the research project started in 1970, and the first surgery was completed in 2001. Developing the surgical robot to perform Telesurgery was planned by NASA in the 1970’s.
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The First Successful Low-Cost Hearing Aid
The deliverable was 25 low cost digital hearing aid prototypes, the prototypes are placed under a generic electronic circuit that have electroacoustic resources not lower than the same design hearing aids and with the same level as those in Brazil. It was unique as the hearing aids were designed using alternative technology for a low-cost solution. It was temporary because the prototypes were manufactured and tested.
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The First 3D Printed Limb in Yemen
The deliverable was to provide a civil war survivor with a prosthetic limb using 3D printing technology, it was unique as this was the first in Yemen and it was for a person with unique usage requirements who had unique physical dimensions. It was temporary because Mossa had his limb fitted, he gained mobility. This project was planned as the team spent time printing, redesigning, assembling and re-printing.
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