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400
Hospitals
By the fourth century the concept of a hospital – a place where patients could be treated by doctors with access to specialized equipment – was emerging in parts of the Roman Empire. The origins of hospitals begin in Christian religious establishments that were meant to provide care for the poor and traveller. -
500
Barber-Surgeons
Barbers in the Middle Ages performed surgeries as well as cut hair. They served military and treated injuries in battles. -
Period: 500 to Dec 31, 1300
Middle Ages
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Jan 1, 754
Pharmacies
The first pharmacy began in Baghdad in 754. An Arabic physician said these places were for “the art of knowing the materia medica simples in their various species, types and shapes. From these, the pharmacist prepares compounded medications as prescribed and ordered by the prescribing physician.” -
Jan 1, 900
Smallpox and Measles
A Persian doctor named Rhazes discovered the difference between measles and smallpox. -
Jan 1, 1285
Eyeglasses
Eyeglasses were invented in the Middle Ages. Salvino D'Armate invented eyeglasses in 1285. -
Period: Jan 1, 1301 to
Renaissance
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Jan 1, 1347
The Black Plague
The Black Death resulted in the deaths of 75 to 200 million people in Eurasia and peaking in Europe from 1347 to 1351. -
Jan 1, 1510
Leonardo Da Vinci
He understood the human body and where everything was at inside of it. -
Microscope
It is unknown who invented the microscope. Historians believe it was Hans Lippershey. We were then able to see microscopic organisms. -
Heart Pumps
William Harvey discovered how the heart pumps blood around the body. -
Public Health and Books of Statistics
English statistician John Gruant published a book of statistics and other health books. -
Period: to
Industrial Revolution
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Cataract Extraction
In 1748, Jacques Daviel successfully removed a cataract. For the first time aging people now had a chance to have good sight. -
Open Heart Surgery
In the 19th century various successful open heart surgeries had been done. The first one was in 1801 -
Stethoscope
Rene Laennec's invention of the stethoscope changed the medical world forever. -
Prosthetic Leg
Benjamin Franklin Palmer discovered the prosthetic leg. Prior to this only peg legs existed. -
X-Rays
In 1895, Wilhelm Rontgen became the very first person to systematically study and name X-Rays. -
Period: to
Modern World
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Vitamins
Sir Frederick Gowland Hopkins suggests that vitamins are an essential to health. -
Blood Transfusion
The first successful blood transfusion was done. It was done using Landsteiner's ABO blood typing technique. -
Dr. Paul Dudley White
Dr. Paul Dudley White becomes one of America's first cardiologists. -
First Kidney Transplant Between Identical Twins
Dr. Joseph E. Murray performs the first kidney transplant between identical twins. -
Smallpox Eradication
The World Health Organization announces smallpox is eradicated. -
Human Genome
The first draft of human genome is announced; the finalized version was released three years later. -
Period: to
21st Century
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Dr. Kenneth Matsumura
He came up with a new approach on creating an artificial liver. -
Embryonic Stem Cells
Scientists discover how to use human skin cells to create embryonic stem cells. -
Artificial Kidney
The FDA approves the first human clinical trials in the United States for a wearable artificial kidney designed by Blood Purification Technologies Inc. out of Beverly Hills, California. -
Pelvic Cancer Surgery
The success of a first-time experimental surgery will determine future availability for U.S. cancer patients and veterans with injuries to the pelvic area. -
Heart Disease Rate Drops
Heart disease rate drops by 40%.
