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Flying shuttle
It considerably improves the weaving ability of a worker, thus introducing a distortion between weaving and the rest of the manufacturing stages. -
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FIRST INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION
Process of economic, social and technological transformation that began in Great Britain -
Spinning jenny
The cotton could be stretched to a more uniform thickness, using two sets of rollers moving at different speeds. -
Water frame
It produced carded cotton yarn automatically, by machine. -
Steam engine
It used carbon as a fuel material. It could be used to plow the soil and thresh grains. -
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AMERICAN REVOLUTIONARY WAR
conflict that pitted the original thirteen British colonies in North America against the Kingdom of Great Britain. -
USA declaration of independece
The representatives of those colonies signed the Declaration of Independence -
Treaty of San Ildefonso
It was an agreement signed between Spain and Portugal, which established the borders between both countries in South America. -
Spinning mule
It revolutionised textile production by vastly increasing the amount of cotton that could be spun at any one time. -
Power weaving loom
It was a frame loom, equipped with pedals to lift the warp threads, leaving the weaver's hands free to pass and beat the weft thread. -
USA constitution
It was adopted in its original form by the Constitutional Convention of Philadelphia (Pennsylvania) and later ratified by the people in conventions in each state in the name of "We the People." -
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REIGN OF CARLOS IV
Spain supported Napoleon in the war against Great Britain. -
The calling of the Estates General
Louis XVI decided to call it that in orden to increpase taxes. -
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THE NATIONAL ASSEMBLY
The Third Estate proposed a new voting system in which each representative would have an individual vote. -
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THE CONSTITUENT ASSEMBLY
A new constitution was elected to write. -
Bastille attack
Protesters began to riot in the streets of Paris and They attacked a famous political prison. -
The rights of man and of the citizen
The French National Constituent Assembly approved the Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen, becoming a fundamental legacy of the French Revolution -
The Women´s march on Versailles
A group of Parisian women were angry about the high price of bread. -
First French constitution
Accepted by Louis XVI. It contained the reform of the French State, leaving France configured as a constitutional monarchy. -
The constitution
The constituent assembly implemented legal reforms, such as the Declaration os the Rights of Man and the Citizen. -
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THE LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLY
It was dominated by the Girondins and the Jacobins. Louis XVI opposed the reforms of this assembly and asked Austria for support. -
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THE CONVENTION
The election of a new assembly. -
Execution of Louis XVI
After the election of the Convention, Louis XVI was accused of treason. -
Treaty of Basel
It was between the French Republic and the Monarchy of Charles IV of Spain. -
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THE DIRECTORY
France´s moderate middle class had gained control of the country and they established the Directory. -
Napoleon’s coup d’etat
It aimed to end the corruption of the previous government and favor the interests of the new republican bourgeoisie. -
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THE CONSULATE
There was a military coup and General Napoleon Bonaparte established a new form of government. -
Locomotive
It use diesel or electrical energy to haul a train. It has an internal motorization allowing it to move. -
Napoleonic civil code
After important debates in the Council of State, it is one of the best-known civil codes in the world. -
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NAPOLEONIC EMPIRE
Monarchical government established by Napoleon Bonaparte after the dissolution of the First French Republic -
Battle of Trafalgar
To attempt to overthrow Napoleon Bonaparte from the imperial throne and dissolve existing French military influence in Europe. -
Battle of Austerlitz
Emperor Napoleon I against the combined Russian-Austrian forces of Russian Tsar Alexander I and Austrian Emperor Francis I. -
Blockade continental
It prohibited trade between any European country and Great Britain. -
First steamship
Their appearance represented a revolution in global maritime navigation because they did not depend so much on winds and currents. -
Treaty of Fontainebleau
Spain signed this treaty with France. This treaty gave French troops permission to pass throught Spain on their way to attack Portugal. -
Revolt of Aranjuez
The supporters of the Prince of Asturias provoked an uprising against King Charles IV and his ruler Godoy. -
Uprising of the people of Madrid
The people of Madrid took up arms against the French troops that Emperor Napoleon Bonaparte had sent to occupy the Iberian Peninsula. -
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WAR OF INDEPENDENCE
It pitted the allied powers of Spain, the United Kingdom and Portugal against the First French Empire, whose intention was to install Joseph Bonaparte on the Spanish throne. -
Abdications of Bayonne
Charles IV formally renounced his rights to the Spanish throne in Bayonne in favor of Napoleon. -
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REIGN OF JOSEPH BONAPARTE
In Bayonne, Carlos IV and Fernando renounced their rights to the Spanish throne in favour of Napoleon and his made her brother the new King of Spain. -
Battle of Bailen
An army of the all-powerful Emperor Napoleon Bonaparte was defeated in an open field combat. -
Convocation of the courts of Cadiz
The Central Board convenes Cortes through the Instruction that must be observed for the election of Cortes Deputies. -
Independence of Colombia
The nation unites in a sense of unity and pride, celebrating its national identity and paying tribute to its history and culture. -
Appearance of the luddites
Factory workers protested by destroying machines, thinking they were being replaced by them. -
“La Pepa”
The Spanish liberals proclaimed their support for the Constitution of Cádiz promulgated that day. -
Treaty of Valençay
Napoleon recognized Ferdinand VII as the new king of Spain and the Indies. -
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ABSOLUTIST SEXENIO
A political idea that will have no greater ambition than to return pre-revolutionary legitimacy to the country. -
Period: to
VIENNA CONGRESS
International meeting convened with the aim of reestablishing European borders after the defeat of Napoleon Bonaparte -
Battle of Waterloo
A town in what is now Belgium in which the French army, commanded by Emperor Napoleon Bonaparte, faced off against British, Dutch and German troops. -
Holy alliance
The Holy Alliance was a treaty between Francis I of Austria, Alexander I of Russia and Frederick William III of Prussia. -
Independence of Argentina
The Congress of Tucumán, made up of representatives of the United Provinces of the Río de la Plata, declared Independence. -
Independence of Chile
In the battle, the city of Santiago was recovered and with it, the New Homeland began. -
First liberal revolutionary wave
With the military uprising of Rafael del Riego to reestablish the Constitution of 1812 against the absolute monarchy of Fernando VII. -
Period: to
TRIENIO LIBERAL
It will end up triggering a royalist reaction and the occupation of Spain by the French army of the Hundred Thousand Sons of San Luis. -
Independence of Peru
General of the Argentine Army José de San Martín, as part of his liberating expedition, proclaimed the independence of Peru in the Plaza de Armas in Lima. -
Independence of Mexico
It was the consequence of a political and social process resolved by weapons that put an end to Spanish rule through war. -
Period: to
OMINOUS DECADE
The king imposed the full exercise of his sovereignty. Historiography calls it Ominous because it is the most violent absolutist reaction than that of 1814. -
First commercial train
It made it possible to move large quantities of products throughout Great Britain and for travelers to travel. -
First trade unions
Offered mutual assistance and tried to use strikes when negotiations with business owners failed. -
Pragmatic sanction
It was a pragmatic sanction approved by Ferdinand VII of Spain. -
Second liberal revolutionary wave
Called the July Revolution or the Three Glorious Revolutionary Days of Paris that brought Louis Philippe I of France to the throne and opened the July Monarchy. -
Period: to
FIRST CARLIST WARREGENCY OF MARIA CHRISTINA
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Expropriation of Mendizabal
Expropriation of ecclesiastical lands (called "dead hands", due to their unproductiveness) and their public auction. -
Period: to
CHARTIST MOVEMENT
It expressed the agitation of the working class, due to the changes, the economic situation and the laws enacted by the British Parliament. -
Period: to
REGENCY OF ESPARTERO
He took measures to increase the strength of the National Militia, promote the sale of ecclesiastical goods and review the tariff policy. -
Communist manifesto
It recognizes the communists as a political force in Europe and exposes their concepts, goals and tendencies. -
Third liberal revolutionary wave
Alphonse de Lamartine defends the use of the tricolor flag in front of the Paris town hall. -
Expropriation of Madoz
It intended to reduce the Public Debt. protect properties as Historical and Artistic Heritage. -
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ITALIAN UNIFICATION
The new Kingdom of Italy was proclaimed under the government of Savoy and with Victor Emmanuel II as king of Piedmont-Sardinia -
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GERMAN UNIFICATION
It granted each of the states that comprised it greater industrialization and important economic development. -
Period: to
FIRST INTERNATIONAL
Its purposes were the political organization of the proletariat in Europe and the rest of the world, as well as a forum to examine common problems and propose lines of action. -
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PROVISIONAL GOVERNMENT
It was formed in Spain after the triumph of the Glorious Revolution, which ended the reign of Isabel II. It constitutes the first period of the Democratic Sexennium. -
Constitution of 1869
It established national sovereignty, universal suffrage, conception of the Monarchy as a constituted power and declaration of rights. -
Period: to
SECOND INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION
The industrialization process changed its nature and economic growth changed its model. -
Period: to
REIGN OF AMADEUS OF SAVOY
The six cabinets that followed one another during this period were not able to solve the crisis. -
Period: to
FIRST REPUBLIC
The pronouncement of General Martínez Campos led to the restoration of the Bourbon monarchy. -
Foundation of the PSOE
Constituting one of the oldest workers' parties in Europe. -
Period: to
SECOND INTERNATIONAL
The socialist and labor parties that wanted to coordinate their activity. -
Foundation of the CNT
It was a confederation of class unions, which grouped workers from all trades without distinction in their branch unions.