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1948 War
Israel declared independence. While Egypt, Jordan, Lebanon, Syria, and Iraq attacked Israel. Israel gained more land, Egypt gained the Gaza Strip, and Jordan gained the West Bank and East Jerusalem. Hundreds of thousands of Paletinians and Jews became refugees as a result of the War. -
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1948 War
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Attrition Battles
Jeusalem remained a unified city. Arab nations met in Khartoum to make peace and negotiate with Israel. Egypt had small attacks. The PLO attacked Jordan, Lebanon, Syria, and Egypt. In response, Jordan attacked the PLO. The fighting continued until 1970. Jordan evicted the PLO from the country, so the PLO moved their base to Lebanon. -
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Attrition Battles
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Six Day War
Egypt blockaded Israel, Egypt, Jordan, Syria and Iraq and moved troops to Israel's borders and made threatening statements. From hearing this, Israel launched a preemptive strike. Israel captured the West Bank and East Jerusalem from Jordan, the Golan Heights from Syria, and the Gaza Strip and all of the Sinai Peninsula from Egypt. More Palestinians and Jews became refugees. Terrorism became more common as a result of the war. -
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Six Day War
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Settlement Construction
Israeli improved its settlements in Sinai, Gaza, and West Bank. They were to act as security posts, and prevent attacks. Since they were built on Palestinian land, people believed it drained the military, and made traveling more difficult. In the future, the Palestinian authority would talk about this issue as a part of a comprehensive peace agreement. -
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Settlement Construction
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The October War or Yom Kippur War
Egypt attacks Israel on Yom Kippur, but Israel pushes bac kthe attack. The United Sates made Israel withdraw from their territories. It allowed Israel to be overun. As a result, Israel retained its territories, but didnt gain additional land. -
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The October War or Yom Kippur War
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Egypt and Israel Sign a Peace Agreement
Egypt was the first country to sign a peace treaty with Israel. They agreed that continuing war would harm Egyptian economy. In the agreement, Israel returned all the Sinai to Egypt. This became a model for Israels "land for peace" policy. -
The 1982 Lebanon War
The PLO attacked northern Israel, and Israel sent an attack right back. The Israeli troops expelled the PLO leadership in Lebanon and Tunisia. Israel withdrew most of Lebanon. Israel maintained military presence in Southern Lebanon as a buffer zone and prevented terrorist attacks in Israel. Which also led to a second Lebanon War. -
The First Intifada
Palestinians had an uprising against Israeli control. There were suicide attacks in Israel. The Israeli response was too harsh. An equal number of Palestinians were killed. The conflict continued until the Oslo Accords were signed. -
The Oslo Accords
Agreements were signed when Israel and the PLO signed the Declaration of Peace which led to the creation of Palestinian authority. Israel withdrew their control over the Gaza Strip. They both exchanged a letter of mutual recognition. The PLO formally recognized Israel and publicly recognized peace. But, both accused each other of not fulfilling the obligations. -
Israel and Jordan Sign a Peace Treaty
The U.S helped Jordan and Israel make peace. As a result, Jordan became the second Arab country to recognize Israel. Trade, business relations, tourism, cultural exchanges, and scientific cooperation increased, but was slower than they hoped. -
The Camp David Summit
The U.S president, Bill Clinton brought the Israeli Prime Minister and Palestinian president to Camp David. They all negotiate the final status agreement. The Israeli Prime Minister withdraws from the West Bank to make East Jerusalem the capital of Palestine. The Palestinian president refused, and made no counter proposals. Two states living side by side in peace wasn't achieved. -
The Second Intifada
There was frustration at the peace process. Palestinians said that the Israeli general was provocative and began to riot. This caused a great amount of bloodshed and many suicide bombs killed citizens. There were operations set against the terrorist targets. The result of the peace process prolonged misery for both people. There was no definite end. -
Israel Begins Constructing The West Bank Barrier
2002-ongoing
To separate its citizens from terrorists groups in the West Bank, Israel built a security barrier. This prevents suicide bombings but also separates Palestinians from their land and places of work and study. As a result, Palestinians are not happy with the barrier. The barrier ultimately protects the people from the lack of peace they’re surrounded by. This has angered the Palestinians, yet made the Israelis feel more comfortable. -
Arab Peace Is Proposed
Prine Abdullah of Saudi Arabia proposed a peace initiative plan that all members of the Arab League supported. The proposal was for Israel to withdrawal from all territories captured in the 1967 War, recognize Palestine as an independent state with East
Jerusalem as its capital, all for peace for Israel. As a result, steps Israel and Palestine are getting closer to peace. Yet, Israel refuses to give up their borders gained in the 1967 war, because they view them as their protection. -
The Roadmap For Peace Is Proposed
A plan of peace was proposed by the U.S., Russia, the European Union, and the United Nations. It consists of steps from Israelis and Palestinians to divide into 2 independent states. The Roadmap is composed of 3 steps that have not been completed due to terrorist that interfere. After a main terrorist organization was overthrown, steps have made towards following the Roadmap. Israel and Palestine are trying to make things work which is better than doing nothing & brings them closer to peace. -
Israel Disengages From Gaza
Prime minister Sharon moved forward with the physical separation of Israel from Palestine. He moved Israelis out of the Gaza Strip, making many leave without wanting to. Sharon did this so Palestinians living in the area could govern themselves, yet some looked down upon the plan because it had not been done as a result of negotiations with Palestinians. Because Israelis withdrew from Gaza, the # of rockets fired from Gaza into Israel have increased, causing more conflict between the groups. -
Hamas Is Elected
A majority of Hamas members were elected to the Palestinian Authority legislative, overpowering the previous Fatah party. Hamas however do not accept previous Israeli-Palestinian agreements and are focused on taking down Israel. They are involved in many terrorist attacks. As a result of Hamas inability to recognize and treat Israel right, they have caused the U.S. to suspend aid to the Palestinians. If the Hamas comply with what the U.S. demands, these will be lifted. -
The 2006 Lebanon War
July 11, 2006- August 11,2006 Hezbollah, a Islamic organization committed to destroying Israel, has attacked Israel on multiple occasions. Responding to this, Israel launched attacks on what they thought were Hezbollah Military targets. During this battle, civilian lives were lost and property was damaged. This ended by a UN cease fire but has impacted Lebanon's infrastructure and economy instrumentally. If it was not for this war, Lebanon would not be suffering as much. -
The Battle of Gaza
Due to tension between Hamas and the PLO Fatah, Hamas attacked Fatah members in Gaza. Responding to this, the Palestinian Authority President dissolved the Hamas government.
As a result of this battle, the Palestinian Authority president and the Hamas government are split throughout Palestine. One rules Gaza while one controls the West Bank. If it was not for this battle, the two parts of government may have never been split, and there might be less tension. -
The Gaza War
27 December 2008- 18 January 2009
In an attempt to stop rocket attacks on Southern Israel, Israel attacked Hamas targets in Gaza. The intent was to stop rocket attacks on southern Israel and to disrupt terrorist infrastructure and smuggling. Yet, hundreds died leaving the countries torn. Gaza was affected the most which damaged its economy and infrastructure, having a lasting effect on the city. -
Gaza Flotilla Incident
Israel & Egypt imposed a blockade of Gaza after Hamas seized control from the Palestine Authority. In May of 2010, 6 ships set sail to break the blockade. Israel told the ships they could not sail into Gaza, but instead dock at a port to get their goods inspected. The ships refused so Israel stormed the ships, resulting in deaths on both sides. Israel took control these ships, causing tension between Israel and Turkey because Turkey feels that Israel should apologize but Israel refuses to. -
The Arab Spring
Citizens in Arab states began to protest against autocratic and oppressive governments. This series of protests are known as the Arab Spring. They began in Tunisia but soon spread throughout Arabia. On the protesters sides, these protest have been quite successful as many leaders were forced to resign.
This is still no peace to be made. Many governments are even more conflicted as a result of the Arab Spring.
