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1948 War
Israel declared independence. Egypt, Jordan, Lebanon, Syria, & Iraq attacked Israel. Outcome:
Israel gained land. Egypt gained the Gaza strip and Jordan gained the West Bank and East Jerusalem. Hundreds of thousands of Palestinians and Jews became refugees. The war ended in March of 1949. -
Six Day War
Egypt blockaded Israel. Egypt, Jordan, Syria & Iraq moved troops to Israel's borders and made threatening statements. Israel launched a preemptive strike. Outcome:
Israel captured the West Bank and East Jerusalem from Jordan, the Golan Height from Syria, and the Gaza Strip and all of the Sinai Peninsula from Egypt. More Palestinians and Jews became refugees. Terrorism became more common. The Six Day War ended June 10, 1967. -
Attrition Battles
Israel gained land from the 1948 War. This angered the Arab nations. Israel was open to give up territories for recognition and peace from the other countries, however, Egypt showed their unwillingness to negotiate by launching a series of attack on
Israel. Outcome:
Israel suffered from 1,424 deaths & around 3,000 wounded soldiers. Egypt underwent around 10,000 deaths & 100 lost aircraft. Both countries agreed on a ceasefire in August, 1970 before the death of Egyptian leader, Nasser. -
Settlement Construction Begins
During The 1967 War, Israelis began building settlements in Sinai, Gaza, and the West Bank. The government approved Jewish settlements are built on occupied land, owned by Palestinians. Outcome:
In 1967, there were approximately 3,200 West Bank settlements. Today, there are roughly 300,000. Settlements result in an angered nation. Palestinians and Israelis are unable to negotiate or make or keep any peace treaties. Today, settlements continue to built despite urges from other nations. -
The October War
Syria and Egypt initiated an attack on October 6, 1973, a religious Jewish holiday. The Israelis manged to stop the advancement of many attacks attempted, & temporarily gain land in the process. Outcome:
Israel claimed victory at the hands of many casualties. Egypt considered negotiation, which led to the peace treaty in 1979. Syria did not respond with an open eye. In 1979, voted along with other Arab nations to expel Egypt from the Arab league. A ceasefire was signed on August 25, 1973. -
Egypt and Israel Sign a Peace Agreement
Egypt became the first Arab Country to recognize Israel as a country. Outcome:
Israel agreed to return all captured land from the 1967 War back to Egypt, ending the conflict between the two nations. Egypt was kicked off of the Arab League. -
The 1982 Lebanon War
The PLO targeted Israelis in Israel and Europe. Around 78,000 troops were sent to Lebanon for an invasion on June 6th. Israel launched a successful offense attack on land and in air. Outcome:
The PLO withdrew from Lebanon to Tunis. Israel establishes a security zone and also withdrew from most of Lebanon in June of 1985. Christians were forced to leave the country. This War ended in August 21, 1982 when the PLO withdrew. However, the conflict between the PLO and Israel does not end. -
The First Intifada
Palestinians in the Gaza Strip and the West Bank began an uprising against the control of territory by Israelis. The PLO supplied most of the weapons used in the uprisings. Outcome:
Both Palestinian and Israeli lives were lost during the series of rebellious uprising. Bombs and bullets killed hundreds of innocent people, including children. The First Intifada officially ended on September 13, 1993, with the signing of the Oslo Accords. -
The Oslo Accords
The PLO signed a Declaration of Principles which led to the birth of the Oslo Accords, which was an attempt at making peace between Israel and Palestine. The Accords allowed Palestinian authority over parts of the Western Bank and Gaza Strip. Outcome:
A Palestinian state is not created nor is a peace treaty achieved. Although the two countries officially recognized each other, there are still remaining issues that are not resolved, such as Israeli settlements & the status of Jerusalem. -
Israel and Jordan sign a Peace Treaty
In 1994, with the assistance of the United States, Jordan became the second Arab nation to recognize Israel as a country. Outcome:
In time, Trade, business relations, tourism, cultural
exchanges, and scientific cooperation between Jordan and Israel increased drastically. -
The Camp David Summit
Bill Clinton joined the two leaders of Israel and Palestine, Ehud Barak and Yasser Arafat together at Camp David in efforts to negotiate and assure a safe postion between the two countries. Outcome:
After 11 days of intense negotiations, there were no resolutions to the current issues discussed, but rather en rose more conflict. Barak proposed the idea of withdrawing from the West Bank in order to create an independent Palestinian state, but Arafat refused. The summit ended on July 25th. -
The Second Intifada
Palestinians rebelled against the Israel government. The second uprising was caused by an intentionally provocative visit to the Temple Mount by the Israeli General, Ariel Sharon. Palestinians took offense and began rioting immediately. Outcome:
Suicide bombers targeted and killed hundreds of civilians. Palestinians and Israelis were killed in the process. To date, it has claimed slightly less than 5,000 Palestinians & over a thousand Israelis fall under victims of this ongoing conflict. -
The Arab Peace Initiative is Proposed
Prince Abdullah of Saudi Arabia proposed an offer that was supported by the Arab league. He offered lsrael peace in return for all territories captured in the 1967 War, recognition of an independent Palestine, with East Jerusalem as its capital, and a 'Just solution" for refugees. Outcome:
Although Israel did not like the idea of withdrawing from the territories, they were open for further negotiations. In July 2007, Israeli leaders met up with Arab representatives in Israel. -
Israel Begins Constructing the West Bank Barrier
Israel decides to build a security separation barrier along the West Bank. It is set to keep the citizens safe from terrorist. Til this day, the Israeli West bank barrier remains standing and the Israeli government has no intentions of tearing it down . Outcome:
Although the barrier has kept people safe from suicide bombings, it has been accused of dividing Palestinians from their land and work places. They are needed to pass through security checkpoints, making thing inefficient. -
The Roadmap for Peace Is Proposed
The Roadmap was an attempt to bring peace among the Israeli and Palestinians. It was created by the 'Quartet'.This peace agreement was divided into three stages. Outcome:
The Roadmap did not successfully reach past the first phase as it was interrupted by the Harnas, a terrorist group set to destroy Israel. On November 27, 2007, the idea of the the Roadmap is reintroduced to the Annapolis Conference. To this day, there has not be significant progress in this peace agreement. -
Israel Disengages from Gaza
Prime Minister Ariel Sharon issued the policy of "Disengagement." He wanted physical separation of the Palestinians and the Israelis, therefore, he ordered the withdraw of Israel from the Gaza Strip in addition to the construction of the West Bank Barrier. Outcome:
Many Israelis were angered by this policy because they did not want to leave their homes. This plan was also not officially discussed with the Palestinian, which caused more conflict than intended. Rocket attacks increased. -
Hamas is Elected
In 2006, the Palestinians elected Hamas, a Palestinian Sunni-Islamic fundamentalist organization. Their goals to violate Israel appealed to the public eye. Outcome:
Western nations stopped the aid to Palestinian authority. They are open to lift these sanctions if Palestine were to recognize Israel and stop the violence. -
The 2006 Lebanon War
Hizballah initiates the war by crossing into Israel. Israel responding to the attack by striking Hizballah positions in the south and targets around Lebanon. This war lasted a month. Outcome:
An esimated 1,200 Lebanese civilians and hurdrends of Hiballah fighters had died, along with 162 Israelis. The UN ended the war in August 14 by allowing a ceasefire. They withdrew the Israeli soldiers & banned unauthorized weapons transfers to Lebanon. Lebanon suffered from a $5 billion in damages. -
The Battle of Gaza
Palestinian terrorist organization launched a surprise coup in the Gaza Strip, challenging Fatah's authority. In response, the Palestinian Authority president, Mahmoud Abbas, dissolved the Hamas government. Outcome:
More than 100 Palestinians died in this battle. The two factions still remain in conflict til today. The Hamas are in control over Gaza and the Palestinian Authority in the West Bank. June 15, 2007 -
The Gaza War
Ongoing rocket and other attacks in Israel pushed the government to tighten its blockade of the Gaza Strip. This led to Israel attacking back at Hamas through land and air. Outcome:
Thousands of innocent civilians died within a matter of weeks. Gaza's building and economy were heavily impacted, sending it to chaos. The war ended on January 18th, 2009. -
Gaza Flotilla Incident
lsrael and Egypt began a blockade of Gaza after Hamas took control from the Palestinian Authority. Goods from ships were inspected before entering Gaza. In 2010, 6 ships from Turkey refused to be inspected & forced Israel to act with violence. Outcome:
9 Turkish citizens were killed. Israel refused to apologize. The incident damaged the alliance between Turkey and Israel. Israel went on to apologize in March of 2013, however, the relationship between Israel and Turkey remain untied til date. -
The Arab Spring
For the first time in 2010, citizens in Arab states began protesting against autocratic governments. These protests for a democratic country sprout quickly, originating from Tunisia. Outcome:
Results of these protests led to the overthrow of governments, civil wars, and ongoing conflicts. Overall the Arab Spring has been a success to date. Countries such as Tunisia, Egypt, and Yemen overthrew their governments. Today, around the Arab world, the Arab Spring continues to live on.
