-
Herman Hollerith
an American statistician and inventor who developed a mechanical tabulator based on punched cards to rapidly tabulate statistics from millions of pieces of data his invention of the punched card evaluating machine the beginning of the era of automatic data processing systems was marked. His draft of this concept dominated the computing landscape for nearly a century -
Charles Babbage
1.an English polymath.[1] He was a mathematician, philosopher, inventor and mechanical engineer, 2.who is best remembered now for originating the concept of a programmable computer -
Jack Kilby 1923-2005
was an American electrical engineer who took part in the realization of the first integrated circuit while working at Texas Instruments in 1958. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in physics on December 10, 2000 Mr. Kilby held over 60 U.S. patents. He was a Fellow of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) and a member of the National Academy of Engineering (NAE). He was awarded the Franklin Institute's Stuart Ballantine Medal, the NAE's Vladimir Zworykin Award. -
z1 computer 1935-38
a mechanical computer designed by Konrad Zuse from 1935 to 1936 and built by him from 1936 to 1938. It was a binary electrically driven mechanical calculator with limited programmability, reading instructions from punched tape.
1.Z1 was the first freely programmable computer in the world which used Boolean logic and binary floating point numbers, however it was unreliable in operation -
1st generation of computers 1946-1959
1940 to 1956 first generation of computers were developed. The first generation computers used vacuum tubes for circuitry and magnetic drums for memory, and were often enormous, taking up entire rooms 1) First generation computers were based on vacuum tubes.
2) The operating systems of the first generation computers were very slow.
3) They were very large in size.
4) Production of the heat was in large amount in first generation computers.
5) Machine language was used for programming.
6) First -
Eniac
the first electronic general-purpose computer. It was Turing-complete, digital, and capable of being reprogrammed to solvea large class of numerical problems.
1.was initially designed to calculate artillery firing tables for the United States Army's Ballistic Research Laboratory -
Univac
the name of a line of electronic digital stored-program computers starting with the products of the Eckert-Mauchly Computer Corporation. Later the name was applied to a division of the Remington Rand company and successor organizations
1.In the course of its history, UNIVAC produced a number of separate model ranges. -
2nd generation of computers 1954-1962
1956 to 1963 second generation of computers were developed. The second generation computers emerged with development of Transistors. The transistor was invented in 1947 by three scientists J. Bardeen, H.W. Brattain and W. Shockley. A transistor is a small device made up of semiconductor material like germanium and silicon. Even though the Transistor were developed in 1947 but was not widely used until the end of 50s. The transistor made the second generation computers faster, smaller, cheaper. -
steve jobs 1955-2011
Steven Paul "Steve" Jobs was an American entrepreneur, marketer, and inventor, who was the co-founder, chairman, and CEO of Apple Inc Jobs shattered the boundaries of what a computer company should do, turning Apple into a huge network of products that touched nearly every aspect of daily life. For everything we do, it seems, there's an app for that. -
bill gates 1955-present day
an American business magnate, philanthropist, investor, computer programmer, and inventorm. He did change the world through technological innovation, keen business strategy and aggressive business tactics, and by charities, he has donated billions of dollars and continues to do it up to this day. He dropped out of Harvard to chase his entrepreneur carrier and so he and his partner Paul Allen built the world’s largest software business, Microsoft. And Microsoft changed the world completely. -
3rde generation computers 1963-1972
1964 to 1971 Third generation computers were developed. The third generation computers emerged with the development of IC Integrated Circuits. eyboards and monitors developed during the period of third generation of computers. The third generation computers interfaced with an operating system, which allowed the device to run many different applications at one time with a central program that monitored the memory.
Third generation computers were smaller in size and cheaper as compare to the secon -
Basic
a compilation of type in computer games in the BASIC programming language collected by David H. Ahl. Some of the games were written or modified by Ahl as well.
1.It was the first computer book to sell a million copies -
4th generation of computers 1974-1984
The fourth generation of computers began around 1975 and lasted until around 1985. It recognizes that period of computer history when the integrated circuit chip evolved into the microprocessor, a "computer on a chip." As a result, the first functional desktop computers came into being, beginning with the hobbyist DIY experimental models, such as the Altair 8800 mail-order kit, and progressing to the early commercial models such as the Commodore and the Tandy TRS-80. -
Altair computer
a microcomputer designed in 1974 based on the Intel 8080 CPU. Interest grew quickly after it was featured on the cover of the January 1975 issue published in December 1974 of Popular Electronics, and was sold by mail order through advertisements there, in Radio-Electronics, and in other hobbyist magazines
1.It was also used as a calculator and test equipment -
apple ll
is an 8-bit home computer, one of the first highly successful mass-produced microcomputer products,[2] designed primarily by Steve Wozniak, manufactured by Apple Computer now Apple Inc. and introduced in 1977. used for data storage and retrieval to replace cassettes. The Disk II interface, created by Wozniak, was regarded as an engineering masterpiece for its economy of electronic components -
Wordstar
a word processor application that had a dominant market share during the early- to mid-1980s.
1.WordStar was deliberately written to make as few assumptions about the underlying system as possible, allowing it to be easily ported across the many platforms that proliferated in the early 1980s -
Osborne computer
The Osborne 1 was the first commercially successful portable microcomputer, released on April 3, 1981 by Osborne Computer Corporation. It weighed 10.7 kg 23.5 lb, cost $1,795 USD, and ran the CP/M 2.2 operating system.
The computer shipped with a large bundle of software that was almost equivalent in value to the machine itself, a practice adopted by other CP/M computer vendors.
1.he computer was designed to be portable, with a rugged ABS plastic case that closed up and a handle The Osborne . -
Visicalc
the first spreadsheet computer program, originally released for the Apple II. It is often considered the application that turned the microcomputer from a hobby for computer enthusiasts into a serious business tool, and is considered the Apple II's killer app.
1.isiCalc sold over 700,000 copies in six years, and as many as 1 million copies over its history. -
Pagemaker
of the first desktop publishing programs, introduced in 1985 by Aldus initially for the then-new Apple Macintosh and in 1987 for PCs running Windows 1.0.As an application relying on a graphical user interface, PageMaker helped to popularize the Macintosh platform and the Windows environment -
Mosaic
is the web browser credited with popularizing the World Wide Web. It was also a client for earlier protocols such as FTP, NNTP, and gopher
1.Mosaic was developed at the National Center for Supercomputing Applications NCSA 5]at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign beginning in late 1992. NCSA released the browser in 1993 -
Excel
a spreadsheet application developed by Microsoft for Microsoft Windows and Mac OS. It features calculation, graphing tools, pivot tables, and a macro programming language called Visual Basic for Applications. It has been a very widely applied spreadsheet for these platforms, especially since version 5 in 1993.
1.Excel supports charts,graphs, or histograms generated from specified groups of cells. The generated graphic component can either be embedded within the current sheet and used alot today -
Netscape
formerly known as Netscape Communications Corporation and commonly known as Netscape is a U.S. computer services company, best known for Netscape Navigator, its web browser. When it was an independent company, its headquarters was in Mountain View, California.
1.Netscape stock traded from 1995 until 1999 when it was acquired by AOL in a pooling of interests transaction ultimately worth US$10 billion. Shortly before its acquisition by AOL. -
Introduction of gui
a type of interface that allows users to interact with electronic devices through graphical icons and visual indicators such as secondary notation, as opposed to text-based interfaces, typed command labels or text navigation.
1. GUIs can be found in hand-held devices such as MP3 players, portable media players, gaming devices and smaller household, office and industry equipment