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Key
A = Achievement, P = Protest, L = Legislation/Supreme Court Case, VP = Violence by Protester, VO = Violence by Opposition, N= No Violence -
Montgomery Bus Boycott (N)
This took place after Rose Parks was arrested for not getting out of her seat for a white man on a public bus. This led to many African Americans boycotting busses and walking everywhere for a year to protest. -
Emmett Till's Murder (VO)
An African American boy was murdered when visiting family away from home. His funeral got a lot of publicity and drew attention to the civil rights issue. -
Founding of Southern Christian Leadership Conference (A)
This was an organization founded by MLK that tried to organize efforts in the civil rights movement. It was a result of the Montgomery Boycotts and aimed to end segregation peacefully. -
Little Rock Nine Crisis (VP, white parents and the Governor were violently protesting integration by threatening the children's' lives and preventing them from going to the school with force)
The Little Rock Nine Crisis refers to the day that the first nine Americans Americans attended a formerly all-white school. They were initially prevented by mobs and the Arkansas National Guard from entering and it took the US National Guard to get them in safely. -
Civil Rights Act of 1957 (L)
This Act was passed by Eisenhower to make opposing black citizen's rights to vote illegal. The act got rid of literacy tests, etc, but was not followed by many southern states at first and had to be enforced.. -
Greensboro Sit In (N)
The Greensboro Sit Ins were a series of nonviolent protests in which African Americans went into segregating eating places and refused to leave until given service. It helped lead to desegregation and the style of protest spread. -
March from Selma to Montgomery (P)
This event was where hundreds of American Americans and others walked from Selma to Montgomery Alabama. The 54 mile march took four days and was use to protest voting rights not being enforced. -
Assassination of MLK (VO)
Martin Luther King Jr was a leading figure in the civil rights movement, and specifically advocated for peaceful protests. He was shot and killed in Memphis, TN, fueling the movement. -
Fair Housing Act (L)
This act was passed y LBJ as a part of his"Great Society Program." It prevented people from being discriminated against for race, religion, etc and prevented from buying a home. -
Democratic Convention (VP)
The Democratic Convention of 1968 took place in Chicago and revolved around LBJ and Vietnam War Policies. It led to violent protests from anti-war protestors that killed 11 citizens and caused extensive fires. -
Swann vs Charlotte-Mecklenburg Board of Education
This was a court case concerning a child who was prevented from attending the nearest integrated school because of continued bus segregation. The Supreme Court upheld the ruling that it was unconstitutional and supported bus programs that sped up integration. -
Shirley Chisholm's Presidential Campaign
Shirley Chisholm was the first African American to become a candidate for one of the two major presidential parties. She ran as a Democrat and worked to improve education and healthcare, and was also a feminist. -
Hank Arron's Homerun Record (A)
Hank Arron hit a home run that gave him the record of most home runs in a career. It was significant because Hank Aaron was African American and used his platform to speak out about civil rights issues. -
Barbara Jordan's Address (P because in her speech she was protesting civil rights issues and other problems with American society)
Barbara Jordan became the first ever African American and first woman to give a keynote speech at the Democratic National Convention. Her speech focused on civil rights issues and was a form of protest that offered solutions. -
University of California Regents vs Bake
this was a court case in which Allan Bakke filed against the University of California for not accepting his application over those of minorities despite his superior grades and qualifications. The ruling was that colleges could not have racial quotas but that affirmative action was constitutional.