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Plessy v Ferguson ruling
In this case, SCOTUS ruled in favor of Ferguson. As a result of Plessy v Ferguson SCOTUS then established the precedent of “separate but equal” which goes on to cause issue in the late 1950s and 1960s. -
Plessy v Ferguson
Plessy went to SCOTUS with the argument making him give up his seat to a white passenger was unconstitutional. In addition, Plessy claimed it violated the Equal Protection Clause of the 14th Amendment. This case would go on to be a reference to the bus boycott of 1955-1956. -
Berea College v Commonwealth of Virginia
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State of Missouri v Canada
Gaines argued the denial of his admission violated his 14th amendment rights. The court also decided that establishing Lincoln university as a university for black students, the state of Missouri established the precedent that provided equal opportunity in higher education for both blacks and whites. So, the denial of access to higher education was an example of unlawful discrimination. -
prevention in ruling of B v BOE
Brown v Board of Education came about when African American parents filed a lawsuit against the Topeka school board for not allowing African American student to enter white schools. They fought against “separate but equal” because the schools were not equal in any sense. With the prevention in ruling of the case, it altered hope for some of the blacks in the south. -
B v BOE rehearing
When the rehearing of B v BOE was announced it caused a small uproar amongst the whites of the south. However, the Supreme Court was now under the new leadership of Gov. Earl Warren of California. This being said B v BOE had a chance of getting the ruling they desired. -
Brown v BOE ruling
Under the leadership of Earl Warren, the Supreme Court was able to come to an anonymous vote that ruled in favor of the five cases that made B v BOE. Despite this, the Supreme Court did not attempt to get the south to comply immediately. Instead it asked attorney generals of states with segregation in place to proceed with desegregation. -
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Bus Boycott
The bus boycott came as a response when the African American bus riders simple demands were not being met in the south. It more so was put into action when Rosa Parks was arrested for not giving up her seat to a white passenger. -
Southern Manifesto
The Southern Manifesto was written in opposition to racial integration of public places in the south. Seventy seven congressmen and nineteen senators participated in the signing of the document. It accused the Supreme Court of “clear abuse of judicial power” and promised to use lawful means to reverse the decision of desegregation. -
Browder v Gayle
Browder v Gayle came about as a response to the segregation of busses in Alabama. When the Supreme Court ruled in favor of Browder, it was a significant win for the civil rights movement. Saying the segregation of busses was “unconstitutional” made more progress in removing segregation all together. -
Little Rock Nine
The Little Rock Nine were a group of nine African American students who were enrolled in a previously all white high school located in Little Rock, Arkansas. Their enrollment was essentially a test of B v BOE and how the south would react. -
Cooper v Aaron
The Supreme Court ruled that school districts were legally required to integrate. Their decision gave reassurance to the Court’s ability to enforce civil rights law and make states comply. -
Escorting Ruby Bridges
Ruby Bridges is escorted by federal armed marshals as the first black student to integrate at an elementary school. This day is seen as important because of the impact it had on the entire process of integration in the south. -
George Wallace
Gov. George Wallace took part in blocking the door of the University of Alabama from two black students who had been ordered admission from a federal judge. Six month prior he had emerged as a leading voice in opposition of the civil rights movement and continued to do so after the incident. -
Selma march
About 600 civil rights marchers make their way to Selma, Alabama. The March was in response to the suspension of black voters. MLK and two other civil rights leaders gave speeches once they reached the capital after facing police brutality along the way.
