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Period: 1492 to
Public education was closed to special needs students
The United States did not publicly educated children with disabilities during this time. -
Excluding Students
The Wisconsin Supreme Court denied the education to a student with Cerebral Palsy. They stated that he would "produce a depressing and nauseating effect upon the teachers and school children". -
Brown v Board of Education
This Supreme Court case decided that separate cannot be equal. -
PARC v Pennsylvania
This case guaranteed special education for students with intellectual disabilities. -
Education for All Handicapped Children's Act
The US voted that all children, regardless of their differences, should have access to public education. It also increased federal special education funding. It was signed November 29, by President Gerald Ford. -
The Board of Education of Hendrick Hudson Central School District v Rowley
The first special education case to land in the US Supreme Court. The court ruled that all students who qualify for special education services must have access to school programs that meet their educational needs. -
Additions
Additions were made so that infants and young children were allowed services in education. -
IDEA
The EHA was changed to Individuals with Disabilities Education Act, and included the clarity of support for students as they transferred to higher educations. -
No Child Left Behind Act
Expanded the federal role in public education by furthering emphasis on annual testing, academic progress, report cards, and teacher qualifications for special education. -
Every Student Succeeds Act
This act replaced the NCLB Act as a response to criticism because the NCLB act relied too much on standardized tests, but the act still requires states to report progress of students.