Learner-Centered Instructional Design

  • Period: to

    1920s-40s

    Audio-visual instructional materials (radio, motion pictures, film strips) are uni-directional
  • Period: to

    1960s

    Move from norms-based exams to criterion-referenced testing
  • 1977

    New AECT definition attempts to differentiate “incidental learning” or “non-deliberately managed” learning from “purposive and controlled” instruction
  • Period: to

    1990s

    Move from Behaviorism to Constructivism
  • 2007

    The term Learning Experience Design (LXD) is coined
  • 2009

    The Center for Applied Special Technology (CAST) develops Universal Design for Learning principles
  • Period: to

    2010s-Today

    Digital badges allow achievements to be verified and publicly posted. This encourages micro-credentialing options for programs focused on self-directed learning.
  • Period: to

    2010s

    Personalized Learning Environments were the development of personalized sets of tools or resources for each learner.
  • Period: to

    2010s-Today

    Learning analytics allow tracking of learner data in free-form, self-directed learning experiences.