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Equal Protection Clause of 14th Amendment 1868 (After the Civil War)
Due to this amendment, no state can have a law that will interfere with the rights or privileges of the citizens of the US. States cannot take away “life, liberty or the pursuit of happiness,” or deny anyone safety based on the laws.
Implications of this today in my classroom is that all students that are citizens of the US have the right to an education. -
Brown Vs. Board of Education 1954
This court decision said that separate but equal is not equal and schools should not be segregated.
Implications of this today in my classroom is the inclusion that happens in all classrooms now and meeting the needs of the students through accommodations to meet the needs of where they are. -
National Defense of Education Act 1958
Signed into law by President Dwight D. Eisenhower to help with funding for schools and promote higher education.
Implications for today in my classroom is that my students would not be able to even consider higher education if this law was not put into place. -
Civil Rights Act of 1964
Does not allow employers to discriminate based on color, religion, race, or ethnicity. One of the great achievements of the civil rights movement.
Implications for today in my classroom is that we would not have any multicultural teachers in the classroom to see people of their ethnicity and language interact with them. We as teachers can also bring people in from other parts of life in other jobs to also share with them so that they can see people in their culture succeed. -
The Elementary and Secondary Education Act (and ESSA) 1964, 2002, 2015
In 1964 under Lyndon B. Johnson, this act was to improve equity in education for low-income families through federal funding. Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA), and it has the same primary goal of providing educational opportunities for low-income families.
Implications for today in my classroom is that the basis of this act means that children of areas of low income will be able to succeed and not be left behind, all students of all colors and races. -
The Bilingual Education Act 1968 (Title VII)
The minority Spanish students that were not making it to high school were coined “The Invisible Minority.” Senator Ralph Yarborough of Texas created The Bilingual Education Act that allotted grants to school districts in a competitive way. Many of the trials that happened during this time were won because of this amendment to the constitution.
Implications for today in my classroom is that my students can have the right to learn in languages other than English when needed. -
Lau Vs. Nichols 1968
Due to this court decision, the US Department of Education’s office of civil rights created the Lau Remedies. This required all school districts to implement some kind of ELD education, it did not specify what kind of ELD education.
Implications for today in my classroom is that without these laws we could not have a bilingual education model where our students are leaving our schools being at least bilingual. Opportunities in our school to teach in another language. -
Equal Education Opportunities Act of 1974
This acts states that people cannot be denied education based on their ethnicity.
Implications for today in my classroom is that students from other counties and ethnicities can have an equal education opportunity and have the same possibilities as others to gain employment after graduation. -
Serna Vs. Portales (1974)
A school in New Mexico was not meeting needs of students with Spanish surnames and the Supreme Court said they were discriminating. The district was required to find a bilingual and bicultural curriculum and revisit testing. This was the first big case after desegregation.
Implications for today in my classroom is that our students of different ethnicities get a bilingual and bi-cultural curriculum through ELD daily in schools. -
Castandea Vs. Pickard 1981
The major outcome of this case was a three-pronged test to determine if schools are meeting the needs of bilingual students. Programs for language minority students must be 1. Based on educational theory, 2. Implemented with specific resources and personnel, 3. Evaluated to check if they are working.
Implications for today in my classroom is that all schools test for learning. ACCESS testing is used in our schools we also use WIDA descriptors to help with grading and finding curriculum. -
Plyler Vs. Doe 1982
Stated undocumented students did not receive state funds for enrolling in schools. So schools would not enroll them or wanted them to pay. The Supreme Court had disagreements as to if this was covered by the 14th amendment, but in a 5-4 majority vote the policy was in violation of the 14th amendment.
Implications for today in my classroom is that if our students didn’t get funding to come to school we would have lost a lot of money for our students, money is needed for quality education. -
Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA) 1964, 2002, 2015
Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA), and it has the same primary goal of providing educational opportunities for low-income families.
Implications for today in my classroom is that the basis of this act means that children of areas of low income will be able to succeed and not be left behind, all students of all colors and races.