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Black Codes
laws that were passed to restrict African Americans' freedom, and of compelling them to work in a labor economy based on low wages or debt. -
13th Amendment
"Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction." -
14th Amendment
The amendment addresses citizenship rights and equal protection of the laws and was proposed in response to issues related to former slaves. -
Sharecropping/Tenant Farming
Sharecropping: form of agriculture in which a landowner allows a tenant to use the land in return for a share of the crops produced on their portion of land
Tenant Farming: farming for rented land. -
15th Amendment
The right to vote shall not be determined by race, color or previous slavery. -
Jim Crow Laws
Laws in the South that enforced racial segregation. -
Lynching
To kill someone for an alleged offense without a trial. -
Plessy V Ferguson
When African-American Homer Plessy, was arrested for boarding a whites only car. Plessy claimed this went against the 13th and 14th amendment but lost the case to judge John Ferguson. -
19th Amendment
This amendment gave women the right to vote by the 1920s. -
20th Amendment
sets the dates at which federal government elected offices end. It also defines who succeeds the president if the president dies. -
Federal Hosing Authority (FHA)
It sets standards for construction and underwriting and insures loans made by banks and other private lenders for home building. -
Hector P. Garcia
G.I Forum- Helped Hispanics in the US to be treated with equal rights. However, these rights were given to selected people. -
Civil Disobedience
the refusal to comply with certain laws or to pay taxes and fines, as a peaceful form of political protest. -
Desegregation
The ending of racial segregation. -
Brown V Board of Education
Case in which the Court declared state laws establishing separate public schools for black and white students to be unconstitutional. -
Orville Faubus
Governor of Arkansas. Mostly recognized for his stand against desegregation. -
Rosa Parks
Alabama citizen who refused to give up her seat on a Montgomery city bus to a white person, as she was legally required to do. She was an activist in the desegregation movement. -
Montgomery Bus Boycott
Political and social protest campaign against the policy of racial segregation on the public transit system in Montgomery, Alabama. -
Civil Rights Act of 1957
U.S. first civil rights legislation that established the Civil Rights Commission to protect individual’s rights to equal protection and permitted courts to grant injunctions. -
Affirmative Action
Action or policy favoring those who tend to suffer from discrimination, especially in relation to employment or education; positive discrimination. -
Sit-Ins
Form of protest by people coming into a place and occupying space. -
Cesar Chavez
Civil rights activist and co-founder of National Farm Workers Association of 1962. -
Betty Friedan
American activist and feminist. Author of the Feminine Mystique and leading figure in women's movement. -
Nonviolent Protest
The act of expressing disapproval through a statement or action without the use of violence. -
Martin Luther King Jr
Baptist minister and social activist, who led the Civil Rights Movement in the United States. Had a speech in the Washington's March to progress the civil rights movement. -
Upward Bound
Program for High School students. Helped them to receive a Bachelors Degree no matter their income. -
24th Amendment
America abolished the poll tax for all federal elections. A poll tax was a tax of anywhere from one to a few dollars that had to be paid annually by each voter in order to be able to cast a vote.Sep 15, 2015 -
Civil Rights Act of 1964
US labor law in the United States that outlaws discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin. -
Veteran Rights Act of 1965
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Head Start
Program for low income families that benefited children. Meets child's emotional, social, health and nutritional needs. -
Lester Madox
Governor of the sate of Georgia from 1967 to 1971. -
Thurgood Marshall
1st African-American to serve in the Supreme court.
1967-1991. -
George Wallace
Governor of Alabama in the late 60s.
Most known for his belief that segregation should be forever. -
26th Amendment
The right of citizens of the United States, who are eighteen years of age or older, to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of age. -
Title IX
No person in the United States shall, on the basis of sex, be excluded from participation in, be denied the benefits of, or be subjected to discrimination under any education program or activity receiving federal financial assistance.
