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Jun 15, 1215
Magna Carta
-King John of England signed
-signed in a meadow in Runnymede in Egham, Surrey, South England
-The Church - The Church was to be free from royal interference, especially in the election of bishops
-Taxes - No taxes except the regular feudal dues were to be levied, except by the consent of the Great Council, or Parliament
-The right to due process which led to Trial by Jury
-Weights and Measures - All weights and measures to be kept uniform throughout the realm -
Mayflower Compact
The Mayflower Compact was the first example of many colonial plans for self government. The Pilgrim leaders realized they needed rules to govern themselves if they were to survive in the new land. The Pilgrims also agreed to choose their own leaders and to make their own laws. -
Petition of Rights
- no taxes would be given without Parliament consent; no imprisonment without a shown cause; soldiers cannot be put in private houses; and martial law cannot be used in times of peace -Charles 1 signed
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English Bill of Rights
-That the subjects which are Protestants may have arms for their defence suitable to their conditions and as allowed by law;
-That all grants and promises of fines and forfeitures of particular persons before conviction are illegal and void;
-That it is the right of the subjects to petition the king, and all commitments and prosecutions for such petitioning are illegal;
-King WIlliam III -
French and Indian War
-Great Britain, France, and the American Indians were the key players in the French and Indian War.
-The Battle of Quebec, the battle of Fort Necessity, the battle of Fort William and Henry, the Battle of Oswego are all important and major battles in the French and Indian War.
-The British won the war.
-The British thought that American colonies should help pay for the war which issued the stamp act, tea act, sugar act, molasses act and the intolerable acts. It was time for a change. -
Albany Plan of Union
-Benjamin Franklin proposed an innovative plan for the colonies.
-It was rejected because it gave too much power to an assembly made up of representatives of all 13 colonies.
-The cartoon associated with this shows a snake broken up into the 13 colonies titled "Join or Die" and that was made by Ben Franklin -
King George III takes power
-The French and Indian War solidified Britain's hold on the continent. The war however, left the British government with a large war debt that Britis hexpected the colonies to help pay. -George III didn't agree with how the colony was being goverened. He said that the colonists needed to stop making settlements. Any Britains living in land that had been won by France had to leave. This led to the Proclamation of 1763. -
Stamp Act
-The Stamp Act required the colonists to pay a tax on legal doucments, pamphletsm newspapers, and dice and playing cards.
-The Colonial leaders were not happy about the taxes and as a result drew up the Olive Branch petition which proposed a reconciliation. -
Boston Massacre
- 3 people died on the spot, 8 were wounded and 2 then died. -The Boston Massacre was started when the British troops were overwhelming the city of Boston and were unwelcome. The Townshend Acts were being enforced and that's what angered the colonists.
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Boston Tea Party
Boston Tea party-
The Sons of Liberty dumped 342 chests of British tea into the Boston Harbor.
-The British passed the Intolerable Acts which closed the Boston ports and destroyed the Massachusetts government. -
Intolerable Acts
-The Intolerable Acts was caused by the defiants of the colonists also known as the Boston Tea Party.
-They cllosed the Boston Harbor and the right of Massachusetts colony to govern itself was withdrew. -
First Continental Congress
-All of the colonies except for Georgia sent delegates.
-The meeting took place in Carpenter's Hall in Philadelphia.
-A plan of Union against Great Britain and the Colonies, The Suffolk resolves, the Declaration of Rights, were established at the meeting along with boycotting British goods. -
Lexington and Concord
-these battles constituted the first military conflicts of the American Revolution
-Colonel Smith, Major Pitcairne and Lord Percy commanded the British Troops
-Militia were commanded by Barrett, Buttrick, Robinson and many others
-Paul Revere and William Dawes rode to warn the villages on the route to Concord and the Congress -http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/today/apr19.html -
Lexington and Concord
-The results of Lexington and Concord constituted the first military conflicts of the American Revolution.
-Colonel Smith and Colonel Barrett.
-Paul Revere said that the British are coming!!! -
Second Continental Congress
-convened in Philadelphia
-the idea of the Declaration of Independence was conceived
-PA sent Benjamin Franklin, Massachusetts sent John Hancock, Samueal Adams, and John Adams, Virginia sent George Washington -
Declaration of Independence
-he committee included Benjamin Franklin, John Adams, Roger Sherman, Robert Livingston and Thomas Jefferson -first part: statement of individual rights. second part: list of all the reasons the American colonists were angry at the British government and King. third part: is a formal declaration of Independence. It separates the colonial governments from the British government and the colonial people from the British people -
Articles of Confederation
-John Hanson is the first president under the article
-successes: the settlement of land disputes over the Ohio Valley, stepping stone towards the present constitution, expansion of the US
-failures: no executive head of government, congress had no power to levy taxes over states, congress could pass laws but could not force the states to obey them -
The Treaty of Paris
-John Adams, Benjamin Franklin, and David Hartley represented the US
-the US was bounded on the north by Canada, on the south by the Spanish Colonies of East and West Florida, on the east by the Atlantic Ocean, and on the west by the Mississippi River. It included the Thirteen Original Colonies and the areas claimed by them
-Primary document was recognized by the British -
Start of Constitutional Convention
-Annapolis Convention was held to discuss some issues of interstate trade
-The original plan for the 1787 Philadelphia Convention was to revise the Articles of Confederation
