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1000
Muslim controls two thirds of the ancient Christian world
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1054
The Great Schism
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1073
St. Gregory VII elected pope
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1073
Pope St. Gregory VII excommunicates the Holy Roman Emperor Henry IV
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1088
First universities founded
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1094
The Byzantine emperor in Constantinople asks the West for aid against Muslim armies
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1095
Pope Urban II calls for a Crusade, and Christians temporarily capture Jerusalem
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1144
First Gothic cathedral completed
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Period: 1147 to 1192
Second and Third Crusades
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1204
Crusaders from the Fourth Crusade sack Constantinople
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1209
Franciscan Order is founded by St. Francis of Assisi
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1216
Dominican Order founded by St. Dominic
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1229
The Inquisition is founded
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Period: 1265 to 1274
St. Thomas Aquinas write the Summa Theologica
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1300
The Renaissance begins
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1347
Bubonic plague arrives in Europe.
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1377
St. Catherine of Siena convinces the pope to return the papacy to Rome
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1386
St. Catherine of Siena cares for the sick and buries the dead when the plague strikes Siena.
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1453
Muslims conquer Constantinople and tun Hagia Sophia into a mosque
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1492
Christopher Columbus reaches the Americas