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1202
Holy Roman Emperor Elected by Nobles
The papal decree Venerabilem by Innocent III established the reserved rights of the pope to approve candidates. -
1368
Founding of Ming Dynasty
The Ming Dynasty succeeded the Mongol dynasty and was founded by Zhu Yuanzhang -
1415
Portuguese Capture Ceuta, Starting an Empire
The Portuguese prince, Henry the Navigator, conquered the Moroccan fortress of Ceuta. -
1428
Mexica Started Conquering an Empire
In 1428, the Mexica launched a series of conquests that led to the creation of an empire. -
1433
End of Zheng He's Voyages
His voyages ceased because of Zheng He's death and the need to rebuild the Great Wall. -
1438
Pachakuti Launches Inca Conquests
The first great Inca ruler, Pachakuti, launched military conquests outward from Cuzco. -
1453
End of Hundred Years' War
The Hundred Years' War ended with a French victory and the Treaty of Paris was signed. -
1453
Ottoman Conquest of Constantinople
The young Ottoman ruler, Mehmed II decided to end the fiction of Byzantine rule and lay siege to Constantinople. -
1492
End of Reconquista
Ferdinand and Isabella waged war against the Emirate of Granada which ended in Granada's surrender. -
1556
Akbar Becomes Mughal Emperor
Akbar succeeded Humayun while in the midst of a war to reclaim the Mughal throne. -
Mikhail Romanov Becomes Ruler of Russia
Following the death of Ivan the terrible, there was no clear successor until Russian nobles offered Mikhail Romanov royal power.