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The Programmed Instruction Movement
B.F. Skinner creates the concept of programmed instructional materials. -
The Programmed Instruction Movement (cont'd)
Bloomberg Benjamin leads the development of the “Taxonomy of Educational Objectives” -
The Programmed Instruction Movement
Robert F. Mager emphasizes the importance of desired behavior, learning condition and assessment in writing learning objectives. -
The Criterion-Referenced Testing Movement
In 1962, Robert Glaser coins the term “criterion-referenced measures” to assess students’ entry-level behavior & post-training competency. -
The Conditions of Learning
Robert Gagne identifies the 9 events of instruction highlighting some very important areas in learning hierarchies and hierarchical analysis. -
A Rise of Interest in the Systems Approach
A number of models based on information-processing- approach are developed across military, academia and organizations, many of which use media to improve the quality of instruction. -
The Birth of eLearning
Methods are evaluated as to how the PC could be used in an academic and interactive context as PLATO, the first generalized computer assisted instruction system allows computers to be integrated into instruction. -
A Rising Interest in Constructivism and the Importance of Performance
The constructivist theory underlines the importance of “authentic” learning tasks that replicate the actual complexity of the real world environment of traineesas opposed to the theoretical learning approach which preceded it. -
The Rise of Online Learning
Deeper internet penetration, better bandwidths and rise of the social media makes online learning a viable, economical & effective medium. -
2010 and beyond
Big data and analytics are shaping the way how learning is tailored to the needs and preferences of each learner. The principles of instruction are no doubt, rooted in years of research in ID, but learning is now designed to be more contextual, fluid and learner-friendly.
