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Period: to
India Independence Movement
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Gandhi in England
At age 19, Gandhi went to England to study law. He tried to set up his own law practice but instead joined an Indian law firm in South Africa. 20 years Gandhi fought laws that discriminated against Indians in South Africa. -
Gandhi Returns to India
Gandhi retured to India and joined Congress party. In his struggle against injustice, he adopted the weapon of nonviolent (passive) resistance. -
Amritsar Massacre
Amritsar Massacre was a turning point for many Indians. It convinced them of the evils of British rule. -
Boycotts of British Goods
Gandhi called for boycotts of British gods, especially textiles, and urged Indians to wear only cotton grown and woven in India. -
Non- Violence & Civil Disobedience
Gandhi preached the ancient doctrine of ahimsa, or nonviolence and reverence for all life. Believed in civil disobedience, the refusal to obey unjust laws. -
The Salt March
With 78 followers, Gandhi set out on a 240 mile march to the sea. As the tiny band passed through villages, crowds listened eagerly to Gandhi's message. By the time they reached the sea, the marchers numbered in the thousands. -
Separate Muslim State
Muslim League gained an able leader in Muhammad Ali Jinnah. He represented Muslim interests with in Congress Party. Later he threw his support behind the idea of a separate state for Muslims. It was called Pakistan "land of the ritually pure". -
World War II
Britain outraged Indian leaders by postponing further action on Independence and then bringing India into the war with out consulting them. -
After World War II
Britain finally agreed to Indian nationalists demand for independence. -
Two States
Muhammad Ali Jinnah, leader of the Muslim League, insisted that Muslims have their own state, Pakistan. 1947 British officials hostily drew borders to create Hindu India and Muslim Pakistan. -
Tragedy Unfolds
1947, millions of Hindus and Muslims crossed the borders of India and Pakistan in both directions. During the mass migration, centuries of mistrust - which the British had exploited to keep the population - plunged northern India into savage violence -
Gandhi is killed
Jan. 30, 1948 Gandhi was shot and killed by a Hindu extremist. Gandhi's death discredited the extremists and helped end the worst violence.
