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Flying Shuttle
Invented by John Kay, an English machinist and engineer. The flying shuttle is a gadget that is used in conjunction with a traditional hand loom. It worked by pulling a cord to send the shuttle across the loom to weave threads into cloth. This invention was important to the textile industry by allowing weaving to be done faster than hand weavers. https://www.historycrunch.com/flying-shuttle-invention-in-the-industrial-revolution.html#/ -
Spinning Jenny
Invented by the English inventor, James Hargreaves. The Spinning Jenny is a hand powered machine that uses a single wheel to spin multiple spindles at the same time. This machine was significant to the Industrial Revolution because it allowed yarn to be mass produced which increased the production of textiles. https://school.eb.com/levels/middle/article/spinning-jenny/630347 -
Watt Steam Engine
Invented by James Watt, a Scottish engineer and chemist. The Watt steam engine was innovated in 1763 off of the Newcomen steam engine. This innovation made the steam engine run faster and use less fuel. By 1776 it became known as the Boulton & Watt engine and powered many types of machinery during the industrial revolution. https://ageofrevolution.org/200-object/boulton-watt-engine/ -
Power Loom
Invented by Edmund Cartwright, an English inventor. The power loom is a steam powered loom, driven by a shaft that weaves threads together for the making of fabric. It was important for speeding up the fabric process for producing textiles. Although there was much backlash from the hand weavers since the power loom put many of them out of work. https://www.historycrunch.com/power-loom-invention-in-the-industrial-revolution.html#/ -
Cotton Gin
Invented by the American inventor, Eli Whitney. The cotton gin is a machine that made the production of cotton easier and faster to keep up with demand. It worked by pulling the sticky seeds off of the cotton bolls. The textile industry was able to increase production making the cotton gin significant to the Industrial Revolution. http://www.eliwhitney.org/7/museum/eli-whitney/cotton-gin -
Hydraulic Press
Invented by Englishman, Joseph Bramah. The hydraulic press is a machine tool that is able to shape heavy metals like steel and iron. The press did this by pumping oil into a cylinder which pushed a piston, generating a compressing force on the metal. This invention made it possible to produce the parts and tools that fueled the industrial revolution. https://www.encyclopedia.com/people/science-and-technology/technology-biographies/joseph-bramah -
Locomotive
Invented by Richard Trevithick, an English Engineer. The first locomotive was powered by a high pressure steam engine that could pull/push train cars. This invention proved to be important to the Industrial Revolution since it gave places like coal mines a way to transport their goods faster and cheaper. https://school.eb.com/levels/middle/article/Richard-Trevithick/277425 -
Tin Can
Invented by English inventor, Peter Durand. The tin can was originally made of iron, coated with tin and had a soldered lid that was recommended to be opened with a hammer and chisel. The invention of the tin can became important for wartime and allowing food to not spoil for longer periods of time and to not break like an earlier glass design by Nicholas Appert. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Peter-Durand
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Portland Cement
Invented by Joseph Aspdin, a bricklayer by trade. Portland cement is a lime based mortar made of a mixture of ground limestone and clay or shale. When the mixture was heated at high temperatures, cooled, ground, and mixed with water a strong cement formed. This invention was significant in the building of tunnels and sewer systems. https://school.eb.com/levels/middle/article/cement/273575#198385.toc -
Electric Generator
Invented by English physicist and chemist, Michael Faraday. The electric generator used a hollow tube, wrapped in copper wire and insulated by a cloth. It worked by passing a magnet back and fourth through the tube creating an electric current. This was an important invention of the industrial revolution because it provided a source of energy. https://ageofrevolution.org/200-object/faradays-electric-generator/#:~:text=This%20simple%2Dlooking%20and%20basic,new%20machines%20driven%20by%20steam.